據(jù)8月14日的《科學(xué)》雜志報(bào)道說(shuō),,一項(xiàng)新的研究表明,,有些人的基因使得他們能夠比其他人少睡覺(jué),。 研究人員已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種基因突變,,該突變看來(lái)至少有一部分可解釋為什么攜帶這種突變基因的人的睡眠時(shí)間可比通常需要的8小時(shí)要少幾個(gè)小時(shí),。
為了避免人們用這些發(fā)現(xiàn)作為沉湎于深夜電視節(jié)目習(xí)慣的借口,,一則相關(guān)的Perspective指出,,該基因突變本身可能非常罕見(jiàn)。 但是,,該項(xiàng)研究確實(shí)為睡眠對(duì)人體健康的效應(yīng)研究提供了新的線(xiàn)索,。 Ying He及其同僚對(duì)一個(gè)大家庭進(jìn)行了調(diào)查。在該大家庭中,一位母親和一個(gè)女兒經(jīng)常性地每晚平均只睡大約6個(gè)小時(shí),。 在對(duì)不同的候選基因進(jìn)行測(cè)序之后,,他們發(fā)現(xiàn),DEC2 基因的一個(gè)變異體是該母女所共有的,,但她們的親屬則沒(méi)有該基因變異體,。 該基因是一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)錄抑制因子,這意味著它會(huì)阻斷其它某些基因的表達(dá),,而它已經(jīng)被認(rèn)為會(huì)參與生理節(jié)奏的調(diào)節(jié),。 研究人員接著比較了攜帶該突變基因的小鼠以及正常小鼠的睡眠周期和腦部活動(dòng)。 攜帶該突變基因的小鼠不但睡得較少,,有更經(jīng)常的警醒時(shí)段,,而且它們還在經(jīng)歷了一段時(shí)間的睡眠剝奪之后,其恢復(fù)所需的時(shí)間也較少,。 在果蠅中的相關(guān)的基因突變也導(dǎo)致了睡眠相的縮短,。
文章的作者說(shuō),這些基因突變的動(dòng)物可給人類(lèi)睡眠的研究提供一個(gè)有用的新的模型,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推薦原始出處:
Science 14 August 2009:DOI: 10.1126/science.1174443
The Transcriptional Repressor DEC2 Regulates Sleep Length in Mammals
Ying He,1 Christopher R. Jones,2 Nobuhiro Fujiki,3 Ying Xu,1,* Bin Guo,4 Jimmy L. Holder, Jr.,1,Moritz J. Rossner,5 Seiji Nishino,3 Ying-Hui Fu1,
Sleep deprivation can impair human health and performance. Habitual total sleep time and homeostatic sleep response to sleep deprivation are quantitative traits in humans. Genetic loci for these traits have been identified in model organisms, but none of these potential animal models have a corresponding human genotype and phenotype. We have identified a mutation in a transcriptional repressor (hDEC2-P385R) that is associated with a human short sleep phenotype. Activity profiles and sleep recordings of transgenic mice carrying this mutation showed increased vigilance time and less sleep time than control mice in a zeitgeber time– and sleep deprivation–dependent manner. These mice represent a model of human sleep homeostasis that provides an opportunity to probe the effect of sleep on human physical and mental health.
1 Department of Neurology, University of California at San Francisco, Mission Bay, 1550 Fourth Street, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
2 Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA.
3 Sleep and Circadian Neurobiology Laboratory, Stanford University, 1201 Welch Road, P213, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
4 Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Hesse Hall, Room 245, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
5 Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, 37075 G?ttingen, Germany.