英國雜志《自然·遺傳學(xué)》網(wǎng)絡(luò)版25日刊登的三份研究報(bào)告顯示,，開始吸煙,、吸煙上癮,、戒煙等行為在很大程度上與基因有關(guān),。
調(diào)查人員查閱了14萬名煙民和非煙民的基因組記錄，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),，第11號染色體上的一種變異基因與一個(gè)人是否吸第一支煙存在很大關(guān)聯(lián),；第9號染色體上的一種變異基因與能否戒煙有關(guān)。
在煙民中,，如果一個(gè)人的第8號染色體和第19號染色體存在變異基因，那么此人平日里吸煙數(shù)量更多,，罹患肺癌的可能性也比其他煙民高10％。
專門從事基因組數(shù)據(jù)挖掘的冰島基因解碼公司負(fù)責(zé)人卡里·斯特凡松說,；“吸煙對每一個(gè)人的健康都有害,，對某些人傷害更大,，新發(fā)現(xiàn)讓我們有更多能力去識別這部分人,，也提供了令人信服的理由說服他們戒煙。”
斯特凡松說，盡管人們在半個(gè)多世紀(jì)前就知道吸煙與肺癌存在關(guān)聯(lián),，但眼下變異基因與癌變之間的關(guān)聯(lián)還有待研究。
美國《科學(xué)公共圖書館·醫(yī)學(xué)》雜志2007年刊登的一份報(bào)告預(yù)測,，到2015年,，全球因吸煙而過早死亡的人數(shù)將升至640萬人，這一數(shù)字到2030年將增至830萬人,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推薦原文出處：
Nature Genetics doi:10.1038/ng.571
Genome-wide meta-analyses identify multiple loci associated with smoking behavior
The Tobacco and Genetics Consortium
Consistent but indirect evidence has implicated genetic factors in smoking behavior1, 2. We report meta-analyses of several smoking phenotypes within cohorts of the Tobacco and Genetics Consortium (n = 74,053). We also partnered with the European Network of Genetic and Genomic Epidemiology (ENGAGE) and Oxford-GlaxoSmithKline (Ox-GSK) consortia to follow up the 15 most significant regions (n > 140,000). We identified three loci associated with number of cigarettes smoked per day. The strongest association was a synonymous 15q25 SNP in the nicotinic receptor gene CHRNA3 (rs1051730[A], β = 1.03, standard error (s.e.) = 0.053, P = 2.8 × 10?73). Two 10q25 SNPs (rs1329650[G], β = 0.367, s.e. = 0.059, P = 5.7 × 10?10; and rs1028936[A], β = 0.446, s.e. = 0.074, P = 1.3 × 10?9) and one 9q13 SNP in EGLN2 (rs3733829[G], β = 0.333, s.e. = 0.058, P = 1.0 × 10?8) also exceeded genome-wide significance for cigarettes per day. For smoking initiation, eight SNPs exceeded genome-wide significance, with the strongest association at a nonsynonymous SNP in BDNF on chromosome 11 (rs6265[C], odds ratio (OR) = 1.06, 95% confidence interval (Cl) 1.04–1.08, P = 1.8 × 10?8). One SNP located near DBH on chromosome 9 (rs3025343[G], OR = 1.12, 95% Cl 1.08–1.18, P = 3.6 × 10?8) was significantly associated with smoking cessation.
