March 23, 2007: 128 (6)
Cover Caption：On the cover: Drosophila projection neurons (PNs) carry odor information to higher olfactory centers. In this image, single PNs from 220 sample brains have been assembled onto a single fly brain model by a process of warping registration, whereby brains of slightly different shapes can be mapped onto one another. On the right, 229 PN axons belonging to 33 glomerular classes are labeled by a class-specific color. Each PN class synapses with specific olfactory receptor neurons and projects to stereotyped regions in the mushroom body calyx and lateral horn (the most lateral structure). The left side shows a subset of PN axons, emphasizing that putative pheromone-representing PNs (red color shades) project their axons to an area of the lateral horn distinct from those that process fruit odors (green color shades). The lateral horn neuropil is therefore compartmentalized to reflect biologically relevant olfactory inputs. For more details, see the article by Jefferis, Potter et al. in this issue (pp. 1187–1203). Cover design is by Christopher Potter and Gregory Jefferis. See also page 1205 of this issue for related work on the mapping of higher-order olfactory information in Drosophila.
生物谷報道：昆蟲的觸角葉(antennal lobe,，AL)作為初級嗅處理中樞由許多嗅球體(g]onlertli)神經(jīng)網(wǎng)組成,。果蠅中,，大約50種嗅感覺受體神經(jīng)元（olfactory receptor neurons,，ORNs）向AL中50種相應的glomeruli發(fā)送軸突,。Uniglomerular投射神經(jīng)元（projection neurons,，PN）將嗅覺信息傳遞達蕈狀體（mushroom body,，MB）和側(cè)角（lateral horn ,，LH）,。
來自斯坦福大學,、劍橋大學和斯坦福研究院的研究人員，將單細胞標記和圖像配準（image registration）相結(jié)合,，繪制出高清晰,、定量的35條輸入PN通道和幾組LH神經(jīng)元的MB和LH圖譜,。
研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)：（1）向MB輸入的PN，與到達LH的相似,；（2）PN的來自不同sensillar群的ORNs搭擋,，在LH中聚集成簇；（3）水果的氣味大多被呈遞在后背部LH（posterior-dorsal LH）,，然而候選信息素應答PN 投射到前腹LH（anterior-ventral）,；（4）一個LH神經(jīng)元的樹突與特定的PN軸突子集重疊。這些說明LH是根據(jù)嗅覺輸入的生理價值進行組織的,。
果蠅投射神經(jīng)元攜帶嗅覺信息到達高級嗅覺中樞,。圖中，來自于220個樣本腦的特定PNs,，通過扭曲配準（warping registration,，生物谷編者譯）過程被組裝在一個果蠅大腦模型上。為何外形稍微不同的大腦能夠映射另一個大腦,？
右邊,，33 組glomerular中的229條PN軸突被一組特定顏色標記，每條PN通過特定的嗅感覺受體神經(jīng)元對突觸分類,，將突觸投射到蕈狀體蕈體冠和側(cè)角（大部分側(cè)面結(jié)構(gòu)）的已定型的區(qū)域,。左邊顯示的是一個PN軸突子集，強調(diào)傳遞信息素的PNs（發(fā)紅部分）將它們的軸突投射到側(cè)角的與加工水果氣味的區(qū)域（綠色部分）分開的區(qū)域,，側(cè)角神經(jīng)毯（neuropil）因此被劃分,，反應生物學相關(guān)的嗅覺輸入。
