生物谷報(bào)道：有些人常常抱怨自己記性差,，認(rèn)不清路,，記不住陌生人的面孔。美國(guó)科學(xué)家的一項(xiàng)最新研究發(fā)現(xiàn),，人們對(duì)于長(zhǎng)相和地點(diǎn)的識(shí)別能力會(huì)受到遺傳基因的影響,。這項(xiàng)研究成果刊登在2007年12月19日的美國(guó)《神經(jīng)科學(xué)雜志》（Journal of Neuroscience）上。
美國(guó)密歇根大學(xué)撒德·波爾克博士及其同事對(duì)500多對(duì)同卵雙胞胎和異卵雙胞胎進(jìn)行了研究,。
研究人員讓這些雙胞胎們觀看電腦屏幕上閃現(xiàn)的人物頭像,、地點(diǎn)、房屋,、物體以及一些生造出來(lái)的單詞,，這些單詞可以讀卻毫無(wú)意義。與此同時(shí),，研究人員對(duì)受試者進(jìn)行大腦功能核磁共振掃描,。掃描結(jié)果表明,，在回憶面部和地點(diǎn)的時(shí)候，同卵雙胞胎大腦活動(dòng)模式的相似程度比異卵雙胞胎更高,，但是在物體和單詞識(shí)別方面沒(méi)有這樣的區(qū)別,。
研究人員指出，試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,，人們對(duì)長(zhǎng)相和地點(diǎn)的記憶能力可能受到遺傳基因的影響,；同時(shí),，與各種物體和生造詞匯相比,，人們更善于記憶長(zhǎng)相和地點(diǎn)。
撒德·波爾克表示,，人們對(duì)于長(zhǎng)相和地點(diǎn)的識(shí)別能力,，符合人類生存發(fā)展的需要，是在人類進(jìn)化過(guò)程中逐漸選擇進(jìn)入遺傳基因的,。（生命時(shí)報(bào)）
生物谷推薦原始出處：
The Journal of Neuroscience, December 19, 2007, 27(51):13921-13925; doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4001-07.2007
Brief Communications
Nature versus Nurture in Ventral Visual Cortex: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study of Twins
Thad A. Polk,1 Joonkoo Park,1 Mason R. Smith,1 and Denise C. Park2
1Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, and 2The Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
Correspondence should be addressed to Thad A. Polk, Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, 530 Church Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109. Email: [email protected]
Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we estimated neural activity in twins to study genetic influences on the cortical response to categories of visual stimuli (faces, places, and pseudowords) that are known to elicit distinct patterns of activity in ventral visual cortex. The neural activity patterns in monozygotic twins were significantly more similar than in dizygotic twins for the face and place stimuli, but there was no effect of zygosity for pseudowords (or chairs, a control category). These results demonstrate that genetics play a significant role in determining the cortical response to faces and places, but play a significantly smaller role (if any) in the response to orthographic stimuli.
Key words: ventral visual cortex; functional MRI; face perception; place perception; word perception; twins
Received Aug. 31, 2007; revised Oct. 31, 2007; accepted Nov. 2, 2007.
Correspondence should be addressed to Thad A. Polk, Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, 530 Church Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109. Email: [email protected]
