科學(xué)家們最近發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個秘密：為什么有些人在失去聽力后的許多年里能保持清晰說話的能力,。這一日前在線發(fā)表在《自然—神經(jīng)學(xué)》期刊上的研究顯示，成年時期喪失聽力的人能夠利用聲道的感覺來補償語言動作的失調(diào),。
在一組聾人的下巴運動紊亂時,，David Ostry和Sazzad Nasir要求他們說一些簡單的語言。最初,，受試者出現(xiàn)了彎曲狀的下巴運動,，但在經(jīng)過幾百次的重復(fù)后，他們能夠調(diào)整自己的語言肌肉動作來減少錯誤,。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn),，聾人和擁有聽力的人在接受訓(xùn)練后擁有同樣的適應(yīng)能力。
新工作顯示,，語言的產(chǎn)生依賴于聲道的肌肉,、皮膚和軟組織的感覺，在成年期失去聽力的人能夠應(yīng)用這些非耳朵的輸入信號來學(xué)會說話,。（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦原始出處：
Nature Neuroscience,，11, 1217 - 1222，Sazzad M Nasir,，David J Ostry
Speech motor learning in profoundly deaf adults
Sazzad M Nasir1 & David J Ostry1,2
Abstract
Speech production, like other sensorimotor behaviors, relies on multiple sensory inputs—audition, proprioceptive inputs from muscle spindles and cutaneous inputs from mechanoreceptors in the skin and soft tissues of the vocal tract. However, the capacity for intelligible speech by deaf speakers suggests that somatosensory input alone may contribute to speech motor control and perhaps even to speech learning. We assessed speech motor learning in cochlear implant recipients who were tested with their implants turned off. A robotic device was used to alter somatosensory feedback by displacing the jaw during speech. We found that implant subjects progressively adapted to the mechanical perturbation with training. Moreover, the corrections that we observed were for movement deviations that were exceedingly small, on the order of millimeters, indicating that speakers have precise somatosensory expectations. Speech motor learning is substantially dependent on somatosensory input.
1 Department of Psychology, McGill University, 1205 Dr. Penfield Avenue, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1B1, Canada.
2 Haskins Laboratories, 300 George Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA.
