大腦必須不斷在大量外界感覺刺激之間進(jìn)行選擇,以便專注并處理其中少數(shù)一些刺激,。“內(nèi)側(cè)顳葉”(MTL)中的神經(jīng)元對特定視覺目標(biāo)有選擇性響應(yīng),,它們的活動已知由認(rèn)知效應(yīng)調(diào)控。
Cerf等人構(gòu)建了一個(gè)新的大腦-機(jī)器接口,,在該接口中,,當(dāng)觀看疊加的電腦圖像的神經(jīng)外科手術(shù)患者被要求讓一個(gè)圖像漸現(xiàn)或漸隱時(shí),迅速學(xué)會了調(diào)控他們位于不同子區(qū)域和不同半球的MTL神經(jīng)元的神經(jīng)活動,,從而增加某些細(xì)胞的激發(fā)速度,,同時(shí)降低其他細(xì)胞的激發(fā)速度,并控制組合圖像的內(nèi)容,。
這項(xiàng)工作提供了人類可以控制他們自己大腦內(nèi)的視覺神經(jīng)元的神經(jīng)活動,、而且這種活動還可以被解碼來控制設(shè)備的直接證據(jù)。希望這樣的接口裝置今后有一天將能幫助有各種各樣神經(jīng)損傷(如“閉鎖綜合征”或運(yùn)動神經(jīng)元疾?。┑幕颊哌M(jìn)行溝通,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推薦英文摘要:
Nature doi:10.1038/nature09510
On-line, voluntary control of human temporal lobe neurons
Moran Cerf,Nikhil Thiruvengadam,Florian Mormann,[email protected] Kraskov,Rodrigo Quian Quiroga,Christof [email protected]& Itzhak [email protected]
Daily life continually confronts us with an exuberance of external, sensory stimuli competing with a rich stream of internal deliberations, plans and ruminations. The brain must select one or more of these for further processing. How this competition is resolved across multiple sensory and cognitive regions is not known; nor is it clear how internal thoughts and attention regulate this competition1, 2, 3, 4. Recording from single neurons in patients implanted with intracranial electrodes for clinical reasons5, 6, 7, 8, 9, here we demonstrate that humans can regulate the activity of their neurons in the medial temporal lobe (MTL) to alter the outcome of the contest between external images and their internal representation. Subjects looked at a hybrid superposition of two images representing familiar individuals, landmarks, objects or animals and had to enhance one image at the expense of the other, competing one. Simultaneously, the spiking activity of their MTL neurons in different subregions and hemispheres was decoded in real time to control the content of the hybrid. Subjects reliably regulated, often on the first trial, the firing rate of their neurons, increasing the rate of some while simultaneously decreasing the rate of others. They did so by focusing onto one image, which gradually became clearer on the computer screen in front of their eyes, and thereby overriding sensory input. On the basis of the firing of these MTL neurons, the dynamics of the competition between visual images in the subject’s mind was visualized on an external display.