美國的一些青少年喜歡在假日聚會時酗酒,。而美國的一項新研究顯示，過度飲酒會阻礙青少年大腦發(fā)育,。
美國加州大學圣迭戈分校的研究人員在學術(shù)期刊《酗酒：臨床與實驗研究》網(wǎng)絡(luò)版上發(fā)表論文說,，過度飲酒會損害青少年的記憶力和空間感知能力。
研究人員選取95名16歲至19歲的青少年進行調(diào)查,，其中40人有酗酒習慣,。研究人員對他們進行了空間感知和記憶測試，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),，酗酒者的測試結(jié)果都比較差,。相對于男性青少年而言，年輕女性更易受酒精危害,。
研究人員指出,，從身體上看，一些青少年似乎已經(jīng)長大成人,，但實際上他們的大腦仍未發(fā)育成熟,。過度飲酒會阻礙大腦細胞正常發(fā)育，尤其會對大腦額葉區(qū)域產(chǎn)生負面影響,，從而削弱青少年的學習和運動能力,，而且一次酗酒造成的這一影響會持續(xù)數(shù)月,。(生物谷 Bioon.com)
生物谷推薦原文出處：
Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research doi： 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2011.01527.x
Adolescent Binge Drinking Linked to Abnormal Spatial Working Memory Brain Activation: Differential Gender Effects
Squeglia, Lindsay M.; Schweinsburg, Alecia Dager; Pulido, Carmen; Tapert, Susan F.
Keywords:Adolescence;Alcohol;Binge;Gender;fMRIBackground:Binge drinking is prevalent during adolescence, and its effect on neurocognitive development is of concern. In adult and adolescent populations, heavy substance use has been associated with decrements in cognitive functioning, particularly on tasks of spatial working memory (SWM). Characterizing the gender‐specific influences of heavy episodic drinking on SWM may help elucidate the early functional consequences of drinking on adolescent brain functioning.Methods: Forty binge drinkers (13 females, 27 males) and 55 controls (24 females, 31 males), aged 16 to 19years, completed neuropsychological testing, substance use interviews, and an SWM task during functional magnetic resonance imaging.Results: Significant binge drinking status×gender interactions were found (p<0.05) in 8 brain regions spanning bilateral frontal, anterior cingulate, temporal, and cerebellar cortices. In all regions, female binge drinkers showed less SWM activation than female controls, while male bingers exhibited greater SWM response than male controls. For female binge drinkers, less activation was associated with poorer sustained attention and working memory performances (p<0.025). For male binge drinkers, greater activation was linked to better spatial performance (p<0.025).Conclusion: Binge drinking during adolescence is associated with gender‐specific differences in frontal, temporal, and cerebellar brain activation during an SWM task, which in turn relate to cognitive performance. Activation correlates with neuropsychological performance, strengthening the argument that blood oxygen level–dependent activation is affected by alcohol use and is an important indicator of behavioral functioning. Females may be more vulnerable to the neurotoxic effects of heavy alcohol use during adolescence, while males may be more resilient to the deleterious effects of binge drinking. Future longitudinal research will examine the significance of SWM brain activation as an early neurocognitive marker of alcohol impact to the brain on future behaviors, such as driving safety, academic performance, and neuropsychological performance.
