據(jù)不完全統(tǒng)計(jì)，在英國(guó)一國(guó)就大約有820,000多名阿爾茨海默氏癥（AD）患者,，阿爾茨海默氏癥是導(dǎo)致老年人癡呆的最普遍原因,。就目前來(lái)說(shuō)，如何正確區(qū)分阿爾茨海默氏癥導(dǎo)致的記憶力減弱和因年齡增大導(dǎo)致記憶減弱是比較困難的,。
近日,，英國(guó)諾丁漢大學(xué)的研究人員在Alzheimer's Disease雜志上發(fā)表論文稱(chēng)：腦脊液中存在的七種異常蛋白或許可以作為AD患者發(fā)病早期的診斷生物標(biāo)志物。
阿爾茨海默氏癥被早期診斷出來(lái)后有助于及時(shí)進(jìn)行干預(yù)治療,，從而在最大程度上治愈患者,。該論文的主要研究者丁漢大學(xué)人類(lèi)基因組學(xué)和分子遺傳學(xué)教授--凱文-摩根表示：該研究結(jié)果確確實(shí)為提高早期診斷阿爾茨海默氏癥提供了可能。
研究人員抽取了33名阿爾茨海默氏癥患者,、10名輕度認(rèn)知功能障礙患者以及20名正常老年人的腦脊液樣本并進(jìn)行了相關(guān)分析,。工作人員在分析了每個(gè)樣品中的蛋白質(zhì)后發(fā)現(xiàn)阿爾茨海默氏癥患者的腦脊液樣品有四種蛋白含量顯著增高，有三種蛋白含量則出現(xiàn)了減少趨勢(shì),。
早期研究發(fā)現(xiàn)一種叫做SPARCL1的蛋白是阿爾茨海默氏癥患者診斷的最好生物標(biāo)志物，在該研究中,，假如研究者光檢測(cè)腦脊液樣品中SPARCL1蛋白后,，SPARCL1蛋白預(yù)示阿爾茨海默氏癥的精確性只有65%，而當(dāng)聯(lián)合利用上述七種生物標(biāo)志物時(shí)精確度可以達(dá)到95%,。
研究人員表示在接下來(lái)的研究中我們很有必要重點(diǎn)探究阿爾茨海默氏癥患者體內(nèi)是什么原因?qū)е铝诉@幾種蛋白發(fā)生了變化,，只有了解引起變化的原因我們才能對(duì)阿爾茨海默氏癥患者進(jìn)行更好的研究治療。（生物谷Bioon.com）
doi:10.3233/JAD-2011-111505
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Identification of SPARC-like 1 Protein as Part of a Biomarker Panel for Alzheimer's Disease in Cerebrospinal Fluid
Baharak Vafadar-Isfahani1, Graham Ball1, Clare Coveney1, Christophe Lemetre1, David Boocock1, Lennart Minthon3, Oskar Hansson3, Amanda Kathleen Miles1, Sabina M Janciauskiene5, Donald Warden4, A. David Smith4, Gordon Wilcock4, Noor Kalsheker2, Robert Rees1, Balwir Matharoo-Ball6, Kevin Morgan2
We have used proteomic fingerprinting to investigate diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Samples of lumbar cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from clinically-diagnosed AD cases (n = 33), age-matched controls (n = 20), and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients (n = 10) were used to obtain proteomic profiles, followed by bioinformatic analysis that generated a set of potential biomarkers in CSF samples that could discriminate AD cases from controls. The identity of the biomarker ions was determined using mass spectroscopy. The panel of seven peptide biomarker ions was able to discriminate AD patients from controls with a median accuracy of 95% (sensitivity 85%, specificity 97%). When this model was applied to an independent blind dataset from MCI patients, the intensity of signals was intermediate between the control and AD patients implying that these markers could potentially predict patients with early neurodegenerative disease. The panel were identified, in order of predictive ability, as SPARC-like 1 protein, fibrinogen alpha chain precursor, amyloid-β, apolipoprotein E precursor, serum albumin precursor, keratin type I cytoskeletal 9, and tetranectin. The 7 ion ANN model was further validated using an independent cohort of samples, where the model was able to classify AD cases from controls with median accuracy of 84.5% (sensitivity 93.3%, specificity 75.7%). Validation by immunoassay was performed on the top three identified markers using the discovery samples and an independent sample cohort which was from postmortem confirmed AD patients (n = 17).
