近日,，有研究表明，焦慮同智商共同進化,。

人們的焦慮會隨著智力一起變化,，近日，來自美國紐約州立大學(xué)南部醫(yī)學(xué)中心的研究者通過剔除大腦皮質(zhì)下白質(zhì)的營養(yǎng)物膽堿,，發(fā)現(xiàn)高智商和擔(dān)憂焦慮同大腦的活動相關(guān),。相關(guān)研究刊登在了近日的雜志Frontiers in Evolutionary Neuroscience上，結(jié)果表明人類的智力隨著擔(dān)憂共同進化,。

研究者Coplan表示,，我們一般認(rèn)為過度擔(dān)憂是一種負(fù)面效應(yīng)，然而高智商卻是一種正面效應(yīng),。擔(dān)憂可以使我們避免一些危險的情況,，盡管這種危險事件發(fā)生的概率很低。從本質(zhì)上來說,，擔(dān)憂通常是我們覺得自己沒有什么機會了,，這種人往往具有更高的生存率。就比如說智力,，擔(dān)憂往往對智力發(fā)展有一定好處,。

在這項焦慮和智力的研究中，研究者測定了一般性焦慮癥病人（GAD）和正常志愿者的智商（IQ）,、焦慮以及膽堿的皮質(zhì)下白質(zhì)代謝過程,。正常組的研究結(jié)果表明，高智商人群往往存在低焦慮癥,；而在GAD組中,，高智商人群往往和高焦慮癥狀相關(guān)。在GAD組和正常健康人群組中,，IQ和焦慮的關(guān)系表現(xiàn)的很明顯,，對于前者來說，IQ和焦慮表現(xiàn)為正相關(guān)，而對于后者來說,，IQ和焦慮表現(xiàn)為負(fù)相關(guān),。正常志愿者中有8位男性、10位女性,；GAD組中有12位男性,、14位女性。

以前有研究表明,，高焦慮癥出現(xiàn)在高智商人群和低智商人群中,，而在智商中等的人群中卻很少出現(xiàn)高焦慮。而且低智商者或許會遭受更多的焦慮癥狀,，因為他們?nèi)松谐晒Φ拇螖?shù)非常至少,。（生物谷：T.Shen編譯）

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doi:10.3389/fnevo.2011.00008
PMC:
PMID:
The relationship between intelligence and anxiety: an association with subcortical white matter metabolism

Jeremy D. Coplan1*, Sarah Hodulik1, Sanjay J. Mathew2, Xiangling Mao3, Patrick R. Hof4, Jack M. Gorman5 and Dikoma C. Shungu3

We have demonstrated in a previous study that a high degree of worry in patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) correlates positively with intelligence and that a low degree of worry in healthy subjects correlates positively with intelligence. We have also shown that both worry and intelligence exhibit an inverse correlation with certain metabolites in the subcortical white matter. Here we re-examine the relationships among generalized anxiety, worry, intelligence, and subcortical white matter metabolism in an extended sample. Results from the original study were combined with results from a second study to create a sample comprised of 26 patients with GAD and 18 healthy volunteers. Subjects were evaluated using the Penn State Worry Questionnaire, the Wechsler Brief intelligence quotient (IQ) assessment, and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (1H-MRSI) to measure subcortical white matter metabolism of choline and related compounds (CHO). Patients with GAD exhibited higher IQ’s and lower metabolite concentrations of CHO in the subcortical white matter in comparison to healthy volunteers. When data from GAD patients and healthy controls were combined, relatively low CHO predicted both relatively higher IQ and worry scores. Relatively high anxiety in patients with GAD predicted high IQ whereas relatively low anxiety in controls also predicted high IQ. That is, the relationship between anxiety and intelligence was positive in GAD patients but inverse in healthy volunteers. The collective data suggest that both worry and intelligence are characterized by depletion of metabolic substrate in the subcortical white matter and that intelligence may have co-evolved with worry in humans.