2012年8月14日 訊 /生物谷BIOON/ --西奈山醫(yī)學(xué)院的研究人員可能已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)為什么某些藥物治療精神分裂癥是有效的,,而對(duì)一些病人是無(wú)效的原因,。相關(guān)研究論文在線發(fā)表在Nature Neuroscience雜志上,該項(xiàng)研究將為開(kāi)發(fā)一類以幫助治療這種毀滅性的精神疾病的新的藥物鋪平道路,。世界人口的百分之一深受精神分裂癥的困擾,,其中30%的患者對(duì)目前可用的治療方法無(wú)響應(yīng)。
西奈山醫(yī)學(xué)院一個(gè)研究團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)在精神分裂癥患者耐受非典型抗精神病藥物以及標(biāo)準(zhǔn)護(hù)理涉及到表觀遺傳因素或外部因素影響的基因表達(dá),。他們尸檢分析發(fā)現(xiàn)精神分裂癥患者的大腦中的酶會(huì)彌補(bǔ)長(zhǎng)期抗精神病藥物引起的化學(xué)變化,,以此來(lái)降低藥物的療效。 西奈山醫(yī)學(xué)院的精神病學(xué)和神經(jīng)病學(xué)助理教授Javier Gonzalez-Maeso博士說(shuō):這些結(jié)果是開(kāi)創(chuàng)性的,,因?yàn)樗鼈儽砻髂退幮钥赡苁怯芍委熅穹至寻Y的處方藥物長(zhǎng)期給藥引起的,。
他們發(fā)現(xiàn),抗精神病藥物長(zhǎng)期治療的小鼠大腦中一種稱為HDAC2的酶高度表達(dá),,這導(dǎo)致較低稱為mGlu2的受體低表達(dá),,同時(shí)會(huì)導(dǎo)致精神病癥狀復(fù)發(fā)。精神分裂癥患者死后的大腦中得到了類似的發(fā)現(xiàn)??蒲嘘?duì)伍發(fā)現(xiàn)一種稱為異羥肟酸(suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, SAHA)的化學(xué)品能抑制整個(gè)HDACs家庭,。
他們發(fā)現(xiàn),這種治療方法可防止抗精神病藥物氯氮平對(duì)mGlu2表達(dá)產(chǎn)生的不利影響,,也提高了小鼠模型中非典型抗精神病藥物的治療效果,。早些時(shí)間的研究表明,抗精神病藥物氯氮平治療慢性乙型肝炎導(dǎo)致大腦區(qū)域中認(rèn)知和感知關(guān)鍵部位小鼠額葉皮質(zhì)中mGlu2表達(dá)的降低,。
研究人員推測(cè),,這個(gè)氯氮平對(duì)mGlu2的作用在抑制抗精神病藥物的治療效果中可能發(fā)揮了至關(guān)重要的作用。我們此前曾發(fā)現(xiàn),,使用慢性抗精神病藥可能會(huì)限制這些藥物的治療效果,。Mitsumasa Kurita博士說(shuō):我們希望找出這個(gè)生化變化的分子機(jī)制,Gonzalez-Maeso博士團(tuán)隊(duì)目前正在開(kāi)發(fā)特異性抑制HDAC2的化合物以輔助抗精神病藥物治療疾病,。這項(xiàng)研究是由美國(guó)國(guó)立衛(wèi)生研究院資助,。(生物谷:Bioon.com)
編譯自:Researchers identify new drug target for schizophrenia
doi:10.1038/nn.3181
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PMID:
HDAC2 regulates atypical antipsychotic responses through the modulation of mGlu2 promoter activity
Mitsumasa Kurita,Terrell Holloway,Aintzane García-Bea,Alexey Kozlenkov,Allyson K Friedman,et al.
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) compact chromatin structure and repress gene transcription. In schizophrenia, clinical studies demonstrate that HDAC inhibitors are efficacious when given in combination with atypical antipsychotics. However, the molecular mechanism that integrates a better response to antipsychotics with changes in chromatin structure remains unknown. Here we found that chronic atypical antipsychotics downregulated the transcription of metabotropic glutamate 2 receptor (mGlu2, also known as Grm2), an effect that was associated with decreased histone acetylation at its promoter in mouse and human frontal cortex. This epigenetic change occurred in concert with a serotonin 5-HT2A receptor–dependent upregulation and increased binding of HDAC2 to the mGlu2 promoter. Virally mediated overexpression of HDAC2 in frontal cortex decreased mGlu2 transcription and its electrophysiological properties, thereby increasing psychosis-like behavior. Conversely, HDAC inhibitors prevented the repressive histone modifications induced at the mGlu2 promoter by atypical antipsychotics, and augmented their therapeutic-like effects. These observations support the view of HDAC2 as a promising new target for schizophrenia treatment.