2012年9月8日 訊 /生物谷BIOON/ --近日,來自MIT的認(rèn)知科學(xué)家發(fā)明出了一種新型方法,,不僅僅可以改變小鼠的夢(mèng)境,而且闡述了檢測(cè)小鼠所獲得的夢(mèng)境信息的方法,,這就為未來我們控制小鼠做夢(mèng)提供了一些新的思路,。相關(guān)研究成果刊登在了近日的國(guó)際雜志Nature Neuroscience上。文章中,,研究者描述了其可以使用音頻聲音來影響小鼠做夢(mèng),。
夢(mèng)境,,就像是重力或者我們存在的原因一樣,很難理解是怎么一回事,。盡管有無數(shù)的理論來說明夢(mèng)境,,但是沒有人知道為什么我們會(huì)做夢(mèng)或者我們可以從夢(mèng)境中獲得什么。直到現(xiàn)在,,很多人已經(jīng)認(rèn)同夢(mèng)境只是一種現(xiàn)象而已,,但是我們,作為做夢(mèng)者,,我們僅僅是觀看者而已,,我們并不能夠通過行動(dòng)去控制夢(mèng)境。
研究者Bendor和Wilson認(rèn)為我們或許有可能通過控制小鼠睡眠時(shí)候的外部真實(shí)環(huán)境來改變夢(mèng)境活動(dòng),。為了驗(yàn)證這一點(diǎn),,他們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)出了一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn),首先,,研究者讓小鼠在迷宮中奔跑并且對(duì)兩種不同的音頻產(chǎn)生反應(yīng),,第一種音頻意味著,小鼠如果一直向右轉(zhuǎn),,就會(huì)找到豐盛的食物,;第二種表示著,如果小鼠向左轉(zhuǎn),,也會(huì)找到豐盛的食物,。當(dāng)小鼠完成了上述動(dòng)作之后,研究者記錄下了它們?cè)诿詫m中穿梭時(shí)的大腦波形圖譜以及對(duì)于音頻做出的反應(yīng),。隨后,,當(dāng)小鼠入睡進(jìn)入到夢(mèng)想中之后,其大腦波形圖譜便繼續(xù)被記錄下來,,這一次研究者將會(huì)揭示小鼠夢(mèng)境中的東西:就是走迷宮的過程,。對(duì)比現(xiàn)實(shí)中小鼠走迷宮的大腦波形圖和其夢(mèng)境中走迷宮的大腦波形圖,為了改變小鼠的夢(mèng)境,,于是研究者播放了在小鼠走迷宮時(shí)相同的音頻,,發(fā)現(xiàn),音頻確實(shí)可以直接以一種直接控制的方式來影響小鼠的夢(mèng)境,。
于是研究者推測(cè),,或許我們有一天會(huì)出現(xiàn)一門新的學(xué)科:比如夢(mèng)境工程學(xué)(dream engineering),這樣科學(xué)家們將會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)所有的方法來控制人類的夢(mèng)境,,到時(shí)候人們也可以運(yùn)用這種技術(shù)來定制自己所想要得到的夢(mèng)境,,抑或者是消除噩夢(mèng)。(生物谷Bioon.com)
編譯自:Researchers devise a way to manipulate a rat's dreams
doi:10.1038/nn.3203
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Biasing the content of hippocampal replay during sleep
Daniel Bendor1 & Matthew A Wilson1
The hippocampus is essential for encoding self-experienced events into memory. During sleep, neural activity in the hippocampus related to a recent experience has been observed to spontaneously reoccur, and this 'replay' has been postulated to be important for memory consolidation. Task-related cues can enhance memory consolidation when presented during a post-training sleep session, and, if memories are consolidated by hippocampal replay, a specific enhancement for this replay should be observed. To test this, we trained rats on an auditory-spatial association task while recording from neuronal ensembles in the hippocampus. We found that, during sleep, a task-related auditory cue biased reactivation events toward replaying the spatial memory associated with that cue. These results indicate that sleep replay can be manipulated by external stimulation and provide further evidence for the role of hippocampal replay in memory consolidation.