生物谷綜合： 在9月出版的《自然—免疫學》期刊上,，3篇論文分別描述了一種獨特白血細胞的發(fā)育過程,，以及它們在人和小鼠體內(nèi)的不同發(fā)育過程,。這種白血細胞對保持腸和身體其他部分如大腦的健康是必需的,，與危險性炎癥也有關系,。
TH—17細胞能產(chǎn)生數(shù)種炎癥免疫蛋白質(zhì)，這類蛋白質(zhì)與炎癥相關并能抵御特定細菌的感染,。 Rene Waal de Malefyt和Federica Sallusto領導的兩個研究小組仔細研究了人類T細胞是怎樣發(fā)育成TH—17細胞的。他們均發(fā)現(xiàn)TH—17細胞在小鼠和人體內(nèi)發(fā)育的必要條件是不同的,。新發(fā)現(xiàn)令人吃驚又非常重要,，因為小鼠通常是被作為研究人類疾病的模式動物。由Michael Lohoff領導的第三個研究小組只研究了TH—17細胞在小鼠中發(fā)育,，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)一種名為干擾素調(diào)控因子4的特殊蜂窩狀蛋白質(zhì)是TH—17細胞發(fā)育的唯一需求,。
這3項研究讓科學家們更深入地認識了TH—17炎癥細胞在小鼠和人體內(nèi)的發(fā)育過程。對這些炎癥T細胞的特殊發(fā)育條件的認識也許有助于解釋人類大腦和腸道炎癥的發(fā)病原因,。（科學時報）
原始出處:
文章一：
Nature Immunology
Published online: 5 August 2007 | doi:10.1038/ni1496
Interleukins 1 and 6 but not transforming growth factor- are essential for the differentiation of interleukin 17–producing human T helper cells
Eva V Acosta-Rodriguez1, Giorgio Napolitani1, Antonio Lanzavecchia1 & Federica Sallusto1
Abstract
Interleukin 17 (IL-17)–producing CD4+ helper T cells (TH-17 cells) have been linked to host defense and autoimmune diseases. In mice, the differentiation of TH-17 cells requires transforming growth factor- and IL-6 and the transcription factor RORt. We report here that for human naive CD4+ T cells, RORt expression and TH-17 polarization were induced by IL-1 and enhanced by IL-6 but were suppressed by transforming growth factor- and IL-12. Monocytes and conventional dendritic cells, but not monocyte-derived dendritic cells activated by microbial stimuli, efficiently induced TH-17 priming, and this function correlated with antigen-presenting cell production of IL-1 and IL-6 but not IL-12. Our results identify cytokines, antigen-presenting cells and microbial products that promote the polarization of human TH-17 cells and emphasize an important difference in the requirements for the differentiation of TH-17 cells in humans and mice.
