隨著天花在全球消失，天花疫苗已經(jīng)在全球停止接種,，但美國科學家最新研究發(fā)現(xiàn),，接種天花疫苗可能有效預防艾滋病傳播。如果這一研究成果得到證實,，將使艾滋病防治工作進入一個新的階段,。
這一研究是由美國加利福尼亞大學洛杉磯分校以及喬治·梅森大學的研究人員共同完成的。研究人員對曾經(jīng)接種天花疫苗和沒有接種天花疫苗的人進行了分析對比,。
結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),，接種天花疫苗的人要比沒有接種天花疫苗的人更能有效抵御艾滋病病毒侵襲，后者感染艾滋病病毒的幾率要比前者高5倍,。
負責這項研究的喬治·梅森大學科學家雷蒙德·魏因施泰因說,，關于目前艾滋病蔓延的解釋有多種，其中包括戰(zhàn)爭,、重復使用沒有消毒的針頭等,。此次的研究卻在一定程度上證明，停種天花疫苗與艾滋病蔓延之間可能存在關系,。
有關成果刊登在5月號《BMC免疫學》（BMC Immunology）雜志上,。（生物谷Bioon.com）
更多閱讀
JCI：天花疫苗瞄準癌癥
Neuro Oncol.：番茄基因加抗艾滋藥物的新基因療法治療癌癥
JBC：香蕉或成抗艾滋利器
生物谷推薦原文出處：
BMC Immunology 2010, 11:23doi:10.1186/1471-2172-11-23
Significantly reduced CCR5-tropic HIV-1 replication in vitro in cells from subjects previously immunized with Vaccinia Virus
Raymond S Weinstein , Michael M Weinstein , Kenneth Alibek , Michael I Bukrinsky and Brichacek Beda
Background
At present, the relatively sudden appearance and explosive spread of HIV throughout Africa and around the world beginning in the 1950s have never been adequately explained. Theorizing that this phenomenon may be somehow related to the eradication of smallpox followed by the cessation of vaccinia immunization, we undertook a comparison of HIV-1 susceptibility in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells from subjects immunized with the vaccinia virus to those from vaccinia naive donors.
Results
Vaccinia immunization in the preceding 3-6 months resulted in an up to 5-fold reduction in CCR5-tropic but not in CXCR4-tropic HIV-1 replication in the cells from vaccinated subjects. The addition of autologous serum to the cell cultures resulted in enhanced R5 HIV-1 replication in the cells from unvaccinated, but not vaccinated subjects. There were no significant differences in the concentrations of MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta and RANTES between the cell cultures derived from vaccinated and unvaccinated subjects when measured in culture medium on days 2 and 5 following R5 HIV-1 challenge.
Discussion
Since primary HIV-1 infections are caused almost exclusively by the CCR5-tropic HIV-1 strains, our results suggest that prior immunization with vaccinia virus might provide an individual with some degree of protection to subsequent HIV infection and/or progression. The duration of such protection remains to be determined. A differential elaboration of MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta and RANTES between vaccinated and unvaccinated subjects, following infection, does not appear to be a mechanism in the noted protection.
