近日，國(guó)際雜志Nanotechnologies in Russia刊登了俄國(guó)研究人員的最新研究成果“Acute immune response to the intranasal application of nanoparticles of SiO2 (Tarkosil 25) in mice of two strains,。”,，文章中，研究者揭示了納米微粒對(duì)機(jī)體影響因免疫特點(diǎn)而異,。
隨著納米技術(shù)不斷發(fā)展,，人們攝入納米微粒的機(jī)會(huì)逐漸增多。為研究這種微粒對(duì)機(jī)體的影響,，俄研究人員對(duì)小鼠進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn),，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)納米微粒會(huì)導(dǎo)致小鼠的白細(xì)胞增多，其程度和影響會(huì)因小鼠的免疫特點(diǎn)不同而相異,。
俄科學(xué)院細(xì)胞和遺傳學(xué)研究所,、動(dòng)物分類和生理學(xué)研究所的專家，在新一期俄學(xué)術(shù)刊物《俄羅斯納米技術(shù)》上報(bào)告說,，他們將尺寸小于100納米（1納米等于一百萬分之一毫米）的二氧化硅微粒選作研究對(duì)象,，這種物質(zhì)在生產(chǎn)橡膠制品、化妝品和制藥過程中常被用作填充材料或催化劑成分,。
俄研究者挑選了兩種小鼠,，A種小鼠的“細(xì)胞免疫”特點(diǎn)突出，即它們的免疫T細(xì)胞直接抵御病原體的能力較強(qiáng),。B種小鼠的“體液免疫”能力見長(zhǎng),，即它們的B細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生抗體并引導(dǎo)的免疫反應(yīng)較出眾。
科研人員把A,、B兩種小鼠都分別分成3組,，每組七八只。在甲組中,，每只小鼠的鼻子里被滴入25微升懸浮液,，其中的二氧化硅微粒尺寸均小于100納米。乙組小鼠鼻腔攝入的二氧化硅微粒超過100納米,。丙組被滴入生理溶液,。4小時(shí)后，研究者提取各組小鼠的血樣及其肺部和支氣管內(nèi)表面的擦拭物,。
分析結(jié)果顯示,，吸入二氧化硅微粒導(dǎo)致A種小鼠的多項(xiàng)血液檢測(cè)值改變,，其中白細(xì)胞總數(shù)顯著升高,。而B種小鼠不但白細(xì)胞增多,，而且其肺部出現(xiàn)針對(duì)炎癥的早期免疫反應(yīng),。與吸入尺寸超過100納米的二氧化硅微粒相比，小于100納米的這種微粒對(duì)免疫系統(tǒng)的影響要顯著得多,。（生物谷Bioon.com）
doi:10.1134/S1995078011060103
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Acute immune response to the intranasal application of nanoparticles of SiO2 (Tarkosil 25) in mice of two strains
M. P. Moshkin, S. E. Peltek, L. A. Gerlinskaya, T. N. Goryachkovskaya, G. V. Kontsevaya, S. O. Maslennikova, V. M. Popik and N. A. Kolchanov
The effect of intranasal applications of suspensions containing Tarkosil 25 nano- and microparticles (nanoT and microT, respectively) on the mucosal immunity and content of leukocytes in blood and seminal fluid have been investigated in SPF mice. Early development of mucosal immune inflammatory reaction have been observed only after the administration of nanoT and only in BALB/c mice, which are characterized by a predominance of humoral immune response (Th2). In turn, the leukocytic reaction of the blood to Tarkosil 25 took place only in C57Bl/6 mice, in which the cellular immune response (Th1) predominates. The application of nanoT also caused an increase in the number of leukocytes in the seminal fluid of mice of both strains. Thus, upon first contact with nanoaerosol, the individual characteristics of the immune response were formed; the study of these characteristics can be used as the basis for methodological approaches to predicting the individual risk of pathologies in persons engaged in the manufacture of Tarkosil 25.
