安徽醫(yī)大和華大基因等單位聯合發(fā)現,,甲羥戊酸激酶MVK基因突變可導致播散型淺表性光敏性汗孔角化癥,,從而為DSAP發(fā)病機制的研究及其分子診斷與治療奠定了重要的遺傳學基礎,。9月17日,,研究成果在《自然·遺傳學》上在線發(fā)表,。
汗孔角化癥是一種罕見的遺傳性角化皮膚病,,該病包括5種亞型,其中DSAP是最常見的一種,?;颊弑┞队陉柟獾钠つw上會出現多個小環(huán)形無汗角化病灶。該病呈常染色體顯性遺傳,,其外顯率與年齡相關,,通常情況下,青少年時期即開始出現損傷,,到30—50歲時完全外顯,。目前雖已確定出與之相關的一些染色體區(qū)域,但該病的遺傳基礎和發(fā)病機理尚不明確,。
科研人員首先對同一DSAP家系中的兩個患者與一個正常個體進行了外顯子測序,、變異檢測及分析。他們在之前已確定的與該病連鎖的染色體區(qū)域內,,鑒定出唯一一個新的有害雜合突變,,該突變發(fā)生在MVK基因上。同時,,在其他幾種亞型的汗孔角化病人群中,,他們并未發(fā)現MVK基因突變,這表明MVK基因突變是DSAP亞型所特有的突變類型,。研究人員還發(fā)現MVK基因在疾病發(fā)生中具有基因多效性,,其突變可造成不同的疾病類型和表型。比如MVK基因突變在甲羥戊酸激酶缺乏癥等全身性疾病中也有發(fā)現,,但在臨床表現上該病患者與DSAP患者并無交叉癥狀出現,。在相同突變造成的DSAP患者中,其臨床表現也具有很強的多樣性,,這可能是遺傳因素與紫外線照射等環(huán)境因素共同作用的結果,。
華大基因項目負責人蔣濤表示,該研究為深入研究DSAP的具體發(fā)病機制奠定了重要基礎,。MVK基因的發(fā)現也將為該疾病的基因診斷和臨床治療提供一個很好的候選基因靶點,。安徽醫(yī)大張學軍教授指出,此次我國科學家利用全基因組外顯子測序技術發(fā)現DSAP的致病基因,,標志我國在單基因遺傳病致病基因研究上步入了世界先進行列,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
doi:10.1038/ng.2409
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Exome sequencing identifies MVK mutations in disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis
Zhang SQ, Jiang T, Li M, Zhang X, Ren YQ, Wei SC, Sun LD, Cheng H, Li Y, Yin XY, Hu ZM, Wang ZY, Liu Y, Guo BR, Tang HY, Tang XF, Ding YT, Wang JB, Li P, Wu BY, Wang W, Yuan XF, Hou JS, Ha WW, Wang WJ, Zhai YJ, Wang J, Qian FF, Zhou FS, Chen G, Zuo XB, Zheng XD, Sheng YJ, Gao JP, Liang B, Li P, Zhu J, Xiao FL, Wang PG, Cui Y, Li H, Liu SX, Gao M, Fan X, Shen SK, Zeng M, Sun GQ, Xu Y, Hu JC, He TT, Li YR, Yang HM, Wang J, Yu ZY, Zhang HF, Hu X, Yang K, Wang J, Zhao SX, Zhou YW, Liu JJ, Du WD, Zhang L, Xia K, Yang S, Wang J, Zhang XJ.
Disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis (DSAP) is an autosomal dominantly inherited epidermal keratinization disorder whose etiology remains unclear. We performed exome sequencing in one unaffected and two affected individuals from a DSAP family. The mevalonate kinase gene (MVK) emerged as the only candidate gene located in previously defined linkage regions after filtering against existing SNP databases, eight HapMap exomes and 1000 Genomes Project data and taking into consideration the functional implications of the mutations. Sanger sequencing in 57 individuals with familial DSAP and 25 individuals with sporadic DSAP identified MVK mutations in 33% and 16% of these individuals (cases), respectively. All 14 MVK mutations identified in our study were absent in 676 individuals without DSAP. Our functional studies in cultured primary keratinocytes suggest that MVK has a role in regulating calcium-induced keratinocyte differentiation and could protect keratinocytes from apoptosis induced by type A ultraviolet radiation. Our results should help advance the understanding of DSAP pathogenesis