微生物在宿主體內(nèi)的持久存在通常并不是偶然的,，而是反映了具有兩種或更多不同生命形式的生物的同時(shí)出現(xiàn),。有這樣一個(gè)假說(shuō)：對(duì)微生物和宿主來(lái)說(shuō)都存在一種選擇,，這種選擇能使雙方對(duì)于涉及寄生或共生的一種生活的適應(yīng)性最大化,，符合一種穩(wěn)定的進(jìn)化策略,。Martin Blaser 和 Denise Kirschner進(jìn)一步發(fā)展了這一假說(shuō)。他們開發(fā)出一個(gè)平衡模型,，該模型能夠解釋人體中微生物之間三種很不相同的互動(dòng)類型的存在,，它們分別涉及幽門螺桿菌（Helicobacter pylori）、傷寒沙門氏菌（Salmonella typhi）和結(jié)核分枝桿菌（Mycobacterium tuberculosis）,。
原始出處:
Nature 449, 843-849 (18 October 2007) | doi:10.1038/nature06198
The equilibria that allow bacterial persistence in human hosts
Martin J. Blaser1 & Denise Kirschner2
We propose that microbes that have developed persistent relationships with human hosts have evolved cross-signalling mechanisms that permit homeostasis that conforms to Nash equilibria and, more specifically, to evolutionarily stable strategies. This implies that a group of highly diverse organisms has evolved within the changing contexts of variation in effective human population size and lifespan, shaping the equilibria achieved, and creating relationships resembling climax communities. We propose that such ecosystems contain nested communities in which equilibrium at one level contributes to homeostasis at another. The model can aid prediction of equilibrium states in the context of further change: widespread immunodeficiency, changing population densities, or extinctions.
Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
Correspondence to: Martin J. Blaser1 Correspondence should be addressed to M.B. (Email: [email protected]).
