Mycosystema
菌 物 學(xué) 報(bào) 15 May 2008, 27(3): 351-359
[email protected]
ISSN1672-6472 CN11-5180Q
2008 Institute of Microbiology, CAS, all rights reserved.
楊志輝 朱杰華 張鳳國(guó)
河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)植物保護(hù)學(xué)院 河北省農(nóng)作物病蟲害生物防治工程技術(shù)研究中心 保定 071001
摘 要:應(yīng)用AFLP分子標(biāo)記檢測(cè)了我國(guó)部分馬鈴薯主要產(chǎn)區(qū)馬鈴薯晚疫病菌的遺傳多樣性及不同地區(qū)菌株間的親緣關(guān)系。在200對(duì)引物組合中,利用6個(gè)菌株篩選出12對(duì)多態(tài)性好、帶型清晰的引物組合,。利用這12對(duì)引物組合對(duì)1997-2002年間采自我國(guó)黑龍江、河北,、四川和云南4省的50株菌株進(jìn)行了PCR擴(kuò)增,,共擴(kuò)增出922條譜帶,,其中多態(tài)性標(biāo)記530條,,占57.5%,。利用NTSYS pc軟件中UPGMA算法構(gòu)建了我國(guó)馬鈴薯晚疫病菌的親緣關(guān)系樹狀圖,聚類分析結(jié)果表明我國(guó)馬鈴薯晚疫病菌的遺傳多樣性與病原菌的地理來源有一定的相關(guān)性,,而與交配型,、生理小種和對(duì)甲霜靈的抗性無明顯的相關(guān)性。用POPGENE軟件計(jì)算了各群體間的遺傳多樣性參數(shù),結(jié)果表明我國(guó)馬鈴薯晚疫病菌的遺傳多樣性程度不高,,不同地區(qū)種群間分化不明顯,。
關(guān)鍵詞:致病疫霉,分子標(biāo)記,,遺傳變異,,群體結(jié)構(gòu)
Genetic diversity of Chinese isolates of Phytophthora infestans revealed by AFLP analysis
YANG Zhi-Hui ZHU Jie-Hua* ZHANG Feng-Guo
Department of Plant Pathology, Agricultural University of Hebei, Research Centre of P1ant Pathogen and Pest Control of Hebei Province, Baoding 071001, China
Abstract:The genetic diversity of the populations of Phytophthora infestans from some major potato production regions in China were detected by amplified restriction fragment polymorphism (AFLP) analysis. Among 200 combinations of primer pair screened, 12 combinations could generate consistent polymorphic bands using six tested isolates. The twelve combinations were used to amplify the genomic DNA of 50 isolates collected in China from 1997 to 2002. A total of 922 AFLP bands were obtained, and 530 of them,covering 57.5%, showed polymorphism. Cluster analysis using the unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic averages (UPGMA) separated 50 isolates into five AFLP groups which were correlated to groups defined by geographical origin, however, they were not correlated to groups defined by mating type, or response to metalaxyl and virulence. Parameters of genetic diversity calculated by POPGENE software indicated that the genetic diversity level of Phytophtora infestans population in China was not high.
Key words: Phytophthora infestans, molecular marker, genetic variation, population structure
19世紀(jì)中葉馬鈴薯晚疫病菌Phytophthora infestans de Bary首次成功地從起源中心墨西哥隨種薯經(jīng)美國(guó)傳入歐洲,,而后傳遍全球(Goodwin et al. 1994),。由于晚疫病菌是異宗配合真菌,在Hohl & Iselin(1984)于瑞士發(fā)現(xiàn)A2交配型以前,,除墨西哥以外其他馬鈴薯種植區(qū)僅存在A1交配型,,不能進(jìn)行有性生殖,。20世紀(jì)80年代以后,,不同國(guó)家陸續(xù)發(fā)現(xiàn)了晚疫病菌A2交配型,晚疫病菌群體遺傳結(jié)構(gòu)組成逐漸變得復(fù)雜,,并且馬鈴薯晚疫病在全球再度嚴(yán)重流行(Fry & Goodwin 1997),。近年來各種分子標(biāo)記,如RAPD,、RFLP,、SSR和AFLP被廣泛用于晚疫病菌群體遺傳多樣性的研究(Mahuku et al. 2000; Ochwo et al. 2002; Cooke et al. 2003; Chacon et al. 2006)。我國(guó)已經(jīng)對(duì)馬鈴薯晚疫病菌交配型,、甲霜靈抗性,、生理小種等表型性狀進(jìn)行了廣泛的研究(Zhang et al. 1996; Zhu et al. 2000; Ryu et al. 2003; Zhu et al. 2003; Yuan et al. 2005),結(jié)果表明我國(guó)有些地區(qū)存在晚疫病菌A2交配型,,甲霜靈抗性菌株普遍存在,,生理小種組成復(fù)雜,這些表型的性狀改變預(yù)示著我國(guó)晚疫病菌的群體遺傳結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生了變化,,但從分子水平對(duì)我國(guó)晚疫病菌群體遺傳結(jié)構(gòu)的研究較少,,僅朱小瓊等(2006)利用RAPD分子標(biāo)記技術(shù)研究了我國(guó)部分主產(chǎn)區(qū)的馬鈴薯晚疫病菌的遺傳多樣性。AFLP分子標(biāo)記具有重復(fù)性好,、多態(tài)性高等優(yōu)點(diǎn),,該方法已被大量應(yīng)用于病原菌群體遺傳多樣性的研究。本研究旨在利用AFLP分子標(biāo)記技術(shù)揭示我國(guó)馬鈴薯主產(chǎn)區(qū)晚疫病菌的遺傳多樣性,,分析這種遺傳多樣性與交配型,、生理小種及甲霜靈抗性等表型特征是否存在相關(guān)性,并探討我國(guó)馬鈴薯晚疫病菌遺傳多樣性形成的原因,。
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