生物工程學報 25 June 2009, 25(6):941～945
固定化脂肪酶催化毛油合成生物柴油
李俊奎, 魯吉珂, 王芳, 譚天偉, 鄧利
生物煉制教育部工程研究中心 北京市生物加工過程重點實驗室, 北京 100029
摘 要: 本研究開發(fā)了一種用石油醚提取毛油的工藝, 研究了以提取的毛油和甲醇為原料, 用固定化Candida sp. 99-125脂肪酶催化合成脂肪酸甲酯(FAMEs)的可行性,。同時考察了磷脂對固定化酶活性,、反應起始速率,、固定化酶使用批次的影響以及毛油和精煉油對固定化酶使用批次等的影響,。研究結果表明, 用磷脂質量分數(shù)為1%的石油醚懸液浸泡過的脂肪酶比僅用石油醚浸泡過的脂肪酶初始轉酯化速率顯著下降。當大豆油中無磷脂時, 15 min時FAMEs的產(chǎn)率為26.2%; 磷脂質量分數(shù)為5%時, FAMEs降為12.4%,。當大豆油中磷脂質量分數(shù)小于1%時, 固定化酶使用10個批次, FAMEs產(chǎn)率無明顯變化,。固定化脂肪酶催化石油醚浸提得到的大豆和小桐子毛油, 經(jīng)過10個批次反應FAMEs產(chǎn)率都保持在70%以上, 該固定化酶直接催化毛油生產(chǎn)生物柴油具有良好的工業(yè)化前景。
關鍵詞: 毛油, 磷脂, 固定化脂肪酶, 生物柴油
Synthesis of biodiesel from crude oil by immobilized lipase
Junkui Li, Jike Lu, Fang Wang, Tianwei Tan, and Li Deng
Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, The Biorefinery Research and Engineering Center of the Ministry of Education of China, Beijing 100029, China
Abstract: We used immobilized lipase from Candida sp. 99-125 to produce fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) from crude oil and methanol. We studied the effects of phospholipids on activity of immobilized lipase, reaction velocity, stability of immobilized lipase and the stability of immobilized lipase in crude and refined oil. Results showed that the activity of the lipase immersed in petroleum ether with 1% phospholipids dropped more quickly than the lipase in petroleum ether without phospholipids. When soybean oil was used without phospholipids as material, the FAMEs yield of 15 min was 26.2%, whereas the yield decreased to 12.4% when there were 5% phospholipids in the soybean oil. However when the phospholipids content was below 1%, the stability of the lipase did not change obviously. The lipase was stable when used to catalyze crude soybean oil and crude jatropha oil, after 10 cycles the FAMEs yield was still above 70%. This lipase showed great potential for industrial production of biodiesel from crude oil.
Keywords: crude oil, phospholipids, immobilized lipase, biodiesel
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