幽門螺桿菌是一種單極,、多鞭毛、末端鈍圓,、螺旋形彎曲的細(xì)菌,。長2.5～4.0μm，寬0.5～1.0μm,。革蘭染色陰性,。有動(dòng)力。在胃粘膜上皮細(xì)胞表面常呈典型的螺旋狀或弧形,。在固體培養(yǎng)基上生長時(shí),，除典型的形態(tài)外，有時(shí)可出現(xiàn)桿狀或圓球狀,。
幽門螺桿菌感染是慢性活動(dòng)性胃炎,、消化性潰瘍,、胃黏膜相關(guān)淋巴組織(MALT) 淋巴瘤和胃癌的主要致病因素。1994年世界衛(wèi)生組織/國際癌癥研究機(jī)構(gòu) (WHO/IARC) 將幽門螺桿菌定為Ⅰ類致癌原,。
幽門螺旋桿菌感染大約一半的人口,，能在胃中的酸性條件下生存。該細(xì)菌的大多數(shù)攜帶者是沒有癥狀的,，但有些人則會(huì)有炎癥,、潰瘍和胃癌。現(xiàn)在,，利用一種選擇主轉(zhuǎn)錄體的5'端的新方法,，研究人員已經(jīng)確定了幽門螺旋桿菌（主要是未經(jīng)處理的信使RNA和小型非編碼RNA）在各種不同生長條件下的“主轉(zhuǎn)錄組”。結(jié)合以前已發(fā)表的基因組序列和蛋白“相互作用組”,，這項(xiàng)工作將為普遍使用的幽門螺旋桿菌菌種26695提供第三組普適性參照數(shù)據(jù),。(生物谷Bioon.com)
相關(guān)閱讀
殺滅幽門螺旋桿菌——讓人們遠(yuǎn)離胃癌
J. Med. Chem.：發(fā)現(xiàn)抗幽門螺旋桿菌活性化合物
EBM：幽門螺旋桿菌誘發(fā)形成自噬小體
生物谷推薦原文出處：
Nature doi:10.1038/nature08756
The primary transcriptome of the major human pathogen Helicobacter pylori
Cynthia M. Sharma1, Steve Hoffmann2, Fabien Darfeuille3,4, Jérémy Reignier3,4, Sven Findei?2, Alexandra Sittka1, Sandrine Chabas3,4, Kristin Reiche5, J?rg Hackermüller5, Richard Reinhardt6, Peter F. Stadler2,5,7,8,9 & J?rg Vogel1,10
1 Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, RNA Biology Group, D-10117 Berlin, Germany
2 University of Leipzig, Department of Computer Science & Interdisciplinary Centre for Bioinformatics, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany
3 INSERM U869 and,
4 Université de Bordeaux, F-33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France
5 Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, RNomics Group, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
6 Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
7 Max Planck Institute for the Mathematics in Sciences, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
8 University of Vienna, Institute for Theoretical Chemistry, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
9 The Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, 87501 New Mexico, USA
10 University of Würzburg, Institute for Molecular Infection Biology, D-97080 Würzburg, Germany
Genome sequencing of Helicobacter pylori has revealed the potential proteins and genetic diversity of this prevalent human pathogen, yet little is known about its transcriptional organization and noncoding RNA output. Massively parallel cDNA sequencing (RNA-seq) has been revolutionizing global transcriptomic analysis. Here, using a novel differential approach (dRNA-seq) selective for the 5′ end of primary transcripts, we present a genome-wide map of H. pylori transcriptional start sites and operons. We discovered hundreds of transcriptional start sites within operons, and opposite to annotated genes, indicating that complexity of gene expression from the small H. pylori genome is increased by uncoupling of polycistrons and by genome-wide antisense transcription. We also discovered an unexpected number of ~60 small RNAs including the ?-subdivision counterpart of the regulatory 6S RNA and associated RNA products, and potential regulators of cis- and trans-encoded target messenger RNAs. Our approach establishes a paradigm for mapping and annotating the primary transcriptomes of many living species.
