芽殖酵母細(xì)胞核中染色體的三維構(gòu)形已從一個(gè)分辨率為千堿基對(duì)的染色體內(nèi)和染色體間相互作用圖被確定,，而這些相互作用則是通過(guò)高通過(guò)量染色體捕捉方法識(shí)別出的,。
其基因組總體形狀像一個(gè)荷花（睡蓮），有32個(gè)染色體臂從由細(xì)胞核一個(gè)極上簇集的“著絲點(diǎn)”所形成的根部伸出,。這個(gè)3D圖（它是一個(gè)忽略了染色體動(dòng)態(tài)性質(zhì)的快照）讓人們首次有機(jī)會(huì)以高分辨率一睹一個(gè)真核基因組的架構(gòu),，它凸顯了即便是這樣簡(jiǎn)單的一種生物的基因組的三維復(fù)雜性。進(jìn)一步的研究工作應(yīng)能揭示決定這一結(jié)構(gòu)的DNA序列所遵循的普遍組織原則,。 （生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦原文出處：
Nature doi:10.1038/nature08973
A three-dimensional model of the yeast genome
Zhijun Duan1,2,6, Mirela Andronescu3,6, Kevin Schutz4, Sean McIlwain3, Yoo Jung Kim1,2, Choli Lee3, Jay Shendure3, Stanley Fields2,3,5, C. Anthony Blau1,2,3 & William S. Noble3
Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-8056, USA
Department of Medicine, University of Washington Seattle, Washington 98195-8056, USA
Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-5065, USA
Graduate Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-5065, USA
Howard Hughes Medical Institute
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Layered on top of information conveyed by DNA sequence and chromatin are higher order structures that encompass portions of chromosomes, entire chromosomes, and even whole genomes1, 2, 3. Interphase chromosomes are not positioned randomly within the nucleus, but instead adopt preferred conformations4, 5, 6, 7. Disparate DNA elements co-localize into functionally defined aggregates or ‘factories’ for transcription8 and DNA replication9. In budding yeast, Drosophila and many other eukaryotes, chromosomes adopt a Rabl configuration, with arms extending from centromeres adjacent to the spindle pole body to telomeres that abut the nuclear envelope10, 11, 12. Nonetheless, the topologies and spatial relationships of chromosomes remain poorly understood. Here we developed a method to globally capture intra- and inter-chromosomal interactions, and applied it to generate a map at kilobase resolution of the haploid genome of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The map recapitulates known features of genome organization, thereby validating the method, and identifies new features. Extensive regional and higher order folding of individual chromosomes is observed. Chromosome XII exhibits a striking conformation that implicates the nucleolus as a formidable barrier to interaction between DNA sequences at either end. Inter-chromosomal contacts are anchored by centromeres and include interactions among transfer RNA genes, among origins of early DNA replication and among sites where chromosomal breakpoints occur. Finally, we constructed a three-dimensional model of the yeast genome. Our findings provide a glimpse of the interface between the form and function of a eukaryotic genome.
