據(jù)5月21日的《科學》雜志報道說，為了進一步了解我們與在我們的身體上或身體內(nèi)生活的多種細菌之間的關(guān)系,，美國的國立衛(wèi)生院正在對所有這些微生物的基因組進行測序,。
他們研發(fā)了對在其自然環(huán)境中的微生物進行大規(guī)?；蚪M測序的標準化方法,，他們的目標之一是為至少900種將人體稱為住所的細菌制作出參照基因組序列,。
現(xiàn)在，由Karen Nelson領(lǐng)導的Human Microbiome Jumpstart Reference Strains Consortium已經(jīng)公布了他們對頭178個與人類宿主有關(guān)的細菌基因組序列的最初的分析,。 到目前為止,，這些結(jié)果給未來的分析工作提供了一個重要的基線，盡管這些研究人員說,，他們只是剛剛觸及了人類“微生物組”的表面而已,。人類微生物組指的是在人身上發(fā)現(xiàn)的所有不同的微生物的總和。
這些研究人員將與其他人共享他們的數(shù)據(jù),，這樣,，其他的遺傳學家如果試圖從自然環(huán)境中對大量的微生物基因組做直接采樣的話，他們可以參考這些數(shù)據(jù),。 這一對我們身體上的微生物的更好的理解會在將來對了解某些人類的疾病提供線索,。（生物谷Bioon.com）
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生物谷推薦原文出處：
Science DOI: 10.1126/science.1183605
A Catalog of Reference Genomes from the Human Microbiome
The Human Microbiome Jumpstart Reference Strains Consortium*
The human microbiome refers to the community of microorganisms, including prokaryotes, viruses, and microbial eukaryotes, that populate the human body. The National Institutes of Health launched an initiative that focuses on describing the diversity of microbial species that are associated with health and disease. The first phase of this initiative includes the sequencing of hundreds of microbial reference genomes, coupled to metagenomic sequencing from multiple body sites. Here we present results from an initial reference genome sequencing of 178 microbial genomes. From 547,968 predicted polypeptides that correspond to the gene complement of these strains, previously unidentified ('novel') polypeptides that had both unmasked sequence length greater than 100 amino acids and no BLASTP match to any nonreference entry in the nonredundant subset were defined. This analysis resulted in a set of 30,867 polypeptides, of which 29,987 (~97%) were unique. In addition, this set of microbial genomes allows for ~40% of random sequences from the microbiome of the gastrointestinal tract to be associated with organisms based on the match criteria used. Insights into pan-genome analysis suggest that we are still far from saturating microbial species genetic data sets. In addition, the associated metrics and standards used by our group for quality assurance are presented.
