微生物學(xué)通報(bào) AUG 20,2010,37(8):1110～1116
內(nèi)陸土壤冷適應(yīng)細(xì)菌的篩選分類與細(xì)胞膜脂肪酸的適冷機(jī)制
李博1 MATTHIAS Dietrich1,2 李艷1 何冰芳1*
(1. 南京工業(yè)大學(xué)生物與制藥工程學(xué)院 江蘇 南京 210009)
(2. 斯圖加特大學(xué)生物工程研究所 德國 斯圖加特 70569)
摘 要: 嗜冷菌及耐冷菌是冷適應(yīng)酶及生物活性物質(zhì)的重要資源,。本研究從內(nèi)陸土壤篩得33株冷適應(yīng)細(xì)菌, 包括6株革蘭氏陽性菌與27株革蘭氏陰性菌,。通過細(xì)胞膜脂肪酸分析表明, 革蘭氏陽性菌的膜脂肪酸主要為分支脂肪酸, 推測分支結(jié)構(gòu)是陽性菌膜脂的主要適冷機(jī)制,。革蘭氏陰性菌呈現(xiàn)了不飽和,、分支、短鏈等多樣的膜脂適冷調(diào)節(jié)方式,。根據(jù)脂肪酸組分的多樣性, 選擇并鑒定了17株嗜冷及耐冷菌分布在11個(gè)屬中, 細(xì)胞膜脂肪酸組成的變化規(guī)律與細(xì)菌16S rRNA的進(jìn)化分布高度一致,。研究還表明同為不飽和脂肪酸為主的革蘭氏陰性菌呈現(xiàn)了不同的適冷機(jī)理。相關(guān)研究不僅闡述了冷適應(yīng)細(xì)菌的細(xì)胞膜脂肪酸的適應(yīng)機(jī)制, 而且為相關(guān)適冷酶源的開發(fā)利用提供了寶貴的資源,。
關(guān)鍵詞: 嗜冷菌, 耐冷菌, 脂肪酸組份, 適冷機(jī)制
Isolation and Classification of Cold-adapted Microorganisms and Pattern of Membrane Fatty Acids in Cold-adaptation
LI Bo1 MATTHIAS Dietrich1,2 LI Yan1 HE Bing-Fang1*
(1. College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China)
(2. Institute of Technical Biochemistry, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart 70569, Germany)
Abstract: Psychrophiles and Psychrotolerants are important resources of biologically active substances and cold-adapted enzymes. A total of 33 cold-adapted strains, including 6 Gram-positive strains and 27 Gram-negative strains, were isolated from soil samples. The analysis of these membrane fatty acids showed that the branched chain fatty acids were the major lipid pattern in Gram-positive bacteria, which may indi-cates their main cold adapted mechanism. However, the membrane fatty acids of Gram-negative bacteria were various, including unsaturated, branched and short-chain fatty acid. Species identifications were com-mitted for 17 strains with typical fatty acid compositions. They were distributed in 11 genus. Variation of cell membrane lipid composition was consistent with the result of 16S rRNA. In addition, the Gram-negative bacteria exhibited the different strategies on cold adaptation, even that these strains mainly contained the unsaturated fatty acid. Related researches would not only represent cold adapted mechanism of cold-adapted microorganisms, but also provide the precious resources for the utilization of cold-adapted enzymes.
Keywords: Psychrophiles, Psychrotolerants, Fatty acid composition, Cold adapted mechanism
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