2012年8月14日 訊 /生物谷BIOON/ --細菌形成被稱作生物膜的群落從而影響很多經常被使用的醫(yī)學設備,，包括尿管和靜脈導管,。這種“數量優(yōu)勢”的方法保護它們免受體內自然防御機制和抗生素的攻擊,。
英國諾丁漢大學研究人員發(fā)現當把新的材料加到醫(yī)學設備表面時,，這些材料排斥細菌從而阻止它們形成生物膜,。他們將他們的研究結果發(fā)表在Nature Biotechnology期刊上,。
在一項研究中，研究人員發(fā)現一類結構上相關的材料,，能夠顯著性地降低病原菌(銅綠假單胞菌,、金黃色葡萄球菌和大腸桿菌)的附著能力,。
這些新的材料通過在盡可能最早的階段---當細菌首先試圖將它們自己附著到醫(yī)學設備上時---阻止生物膜形成從而阻止感染發(fā)生,。在實驗室中，研究人員能夠降低細菌數量高達96.7%,，而且在小鼠植入感染模型中,，能夠有效地阻止細菌附著。通過阻止細菌附著,，身體自己的免疫系統(tǒng)能夠在細菌有時間產生生物膜之前將它們殺死,。
細菌附著和隨后的生物膜形成是醫(yī)學設備性能的關鍵性挑戰(zhàn)。盡管還需進一步研究,，但是這項初步研究的結果是大有希望的,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
本文編譯自New bacteria resistant materials discovered
doi: 10.1038/nbt.2316
PMC:
PMID:
Combinatorial discovery of polymers resistant to bacterial attachment
Andrew L Hook, Chien-Yi Chang, Jing Yang, Jeni Luckett, Alan Cockayne, Steve Atkinson, Ying Mei, Roger Bayston, Derek J Irvine, Robert Langer, Daniel G Anderson, Paul Williams, Martyn C Davies & Morgan R Alexander
Bacterial attachment and subsequent biofilm formation pose key challenges to the optimal performance of medical devices. In this study, we determined the attachment of selected bacterial species to hundreds of polymeric materials in a high-throughput microarray format. Using this method, we identified a group of structurally related materials comprising ester and cyclic hydrocarbon moieties that substantially reduced the attachment of pathogenic bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli). Coating silicone with these 'hit' materials achieved up to a 30-fold (96.7%) reduction in the surface area covered by bacteria compared with a commercial silver hydrogel coating in vitro, and the same material coatings were effective at reducing bacterial attachment in vivo in a mouse implant infection model. These polymers represent a class of materials that reduce the attachment of bacteria that could not have been predicted to have this property from the current understanding of bacteria-surface interactions.
