在胚胎中,,正在發(fā)展的胰腺如何知道哪個(gè)細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生胰島素,哪個(gè)細(xì)胞去執(zhí)行其他的任務(wù),。如果想要治療1型糖尿病,,研究人員就需要了解這些。瑞典隆德大學(xué)的科學(xué)家在這方面已經(jīng)獲得了新的發(fā)現(xiàn),,該研究結(jié)果發(fā)布在Cell上,。
Henrik Semb的研究小組關(guān)注了兩個(gè)重要的科學(xué)問題,其中一個(gè)是管腔如何形成器官以執(zhí)行切實(shí)的功能,。另一個(gè)問題是細(xì)胞如何分化,,使不成熟的細(xì)胞發(fā)展成各種不同的成熟細(xì)胞。
很久以前,,科學(xué)家就知道在胚胎中這兩個(gè)過程是同時(shí)發(fā)生的,。但是還不知道是否它們是相關(guān)的。
據(jù)研究人員介紹,,他們已經(jīng)詳細(xì)解釋了一些細(xì)胞如何從一個(gè)管腔發(fā)展成胰腺,,以及這些管腔如何連接在一起,并最終形成一個(gè)系統(tǒng),。此外,,他們還解釋了細(xì)胞如何在管腔系統(tǒng)的不同部位終止分裂。研究表明,,一些細(xì)胞能最終產(chǎn)生胰島素,,一些能產(chǎn)生腸道中用于消化食物的酶,還有一些細(xì)胞參與管腔形成,。
研究小組還發(fā)現(xiàn),,一種叫Cdc42的基因,對于這些過程來說是很重要的,。在基因敲除的老鼠中,,胰腺中沒有管腔的形成。
這項(xiàng)發(fā)現(xiàn)為基礎(chǔ)學(xué)科提供了潛在的重要理解,,其可能用于未來的醫(yī)療事業(yè),。這項(xiàng)研究也使得關(guān)于1型糖尿病的干細(xì)胞療法獲得了不小的進(jìn)步,同時(shí)加深了成熟細(xì)胞發(fā)展成beta細(xì)胞機(jī)制的理解,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
更多胰腺細(xì)胞研究:
Cell:單基因激活可使胰腺細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)化為胰島β細(xì)胞
JCI:一種胰腺細(xì)胞能夠被誘導(dǎo)轉(zhuǎn)化成產(chǎn)胰島素小島細(xì)胞
Cell:“損傷”胰腺有望治療糖尿病
Cell Metabolism:胰腺β細(xì)胞自噬與糖尿病的關(guān)聯(lián)
PNAS:胚胎豬胰腺移植減少免疫反應(yīng)
Cell: 胰腺消化功能中關(guān)鍵的蛋白質(zhì)
PLoS Biology:胰腺細(xì)胞分泌調(diào)節(jié)分子機(jī)制
生物谷推薦原始出處:
Cell, Volume 139, 13 November 2009 doi:10.1016/j.cell.2009.08.049
Cdc42-Mediated Tubulogenesis Controls Cell Specification
Gokul Kesavan1, Fredrik Wolfhagen Sand1, Thomas Uwe Greiner1, Jenny Kristina Johansson1, Sune Kobberup1, Xunwei Wu2, Cord Brakebusch2 and Henrik Semb1, ,
1 Stem Cell and Pancreas Developmental Biology, Stem Cell Center, Lund University, BMC, SE-22184 Lund, Sweden
2 Biomedical Institute, BRIC, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
Understanding how cells polarize and coordinate tubulogenesis during organ formation is a central question in biology. Tubulogenesis often coincides with cell-lineage specification during organ development. Hence, an elementary question is whether these two processes are independently controlled, or whether proper cell specification depends on formation of tubes. To address these fundamental questions, we have studied the functional role of Cdc42 in pancreatic tubulogenesis. We present evidence that Cdc42 is essential for tube formation, specifically for initiating microlumen formation and later for maintaining apical cell polarity. Finally, we show that Cdc42 controls cell specification non-cell-autonomously by providing the correct microenvironment for proper control of cell-fate choices of multipotent progenitors.For a video summary of this article, see the PaperFlick file with the Supplemental Data available online.