2007年,，柏林一名感染HIV病毒的白血病人接受了干細胞移植手術(shù),。醫(yī)生為他移植了可以抵抗艾滋病毒的干細胞,，并借此成功地治愈了他的艾滋病毒感染,。負責這一病例的醫(yī)生們最近證實了這個消息,。
上述案例首次被公之于眾是在2008年波士頓舉行的逆轉(zhuǎn)錄病毒以及機會感染會議上,。之后,，柏林的醫(yī)務(wù)人員在2009年2月的新英格蘭醫(yī)學(xué)雜志（New England Journal of Medicine ）上詳細地介紹了這個案例。關(guān)鍵在于移植到病人體內(nèi)的骨髓很特殊---它來自于一個先天對HIV病毒免疫的骨髓捐贈者,。先天免疫是因為此人特殊的基因檔案（genetic profile）使得它體內(nèi)不存在艾滋病毒賴以傳播的CCR5輔助受體,。CCR5是一種趨化因子，在HIV體內(nèi)傳播中它的作用就如同筆記本電腦的“充電基座”,，大部分HIV病毒必須附著在它之上才能進入并感染CD4細胞,。（CD4 是一種T細胞，HIV病毒感染并破壞它---譯者）
柏林醫(yī)務(wù)人員近日在Blood 雜志上發(fā)表了一份后續(xù)報告,，聲稱經(jīng)過細致的檢測,，“完全有理由確定這一HIV感染病例已被完全治愈。”（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦原文出處：
Blood DOI 10.1182/blood-2010-09-309591.
Evidence for the cure of HIV infection by CCR5Δ32/ Δ32 stem cell transplantation
Abstract
HIV entry into CD4+ cells requires interaction with a cellular receptor, generally either CCR5 or CXCR4. We have previously reported the case of an HIV-infected patient in whom viral replication remained absent despite discontinuation of antiretroviral therapy after transplantation with CCR5{Delta}32/{Delta}32 stem cells. However, it was expected that the long-lived viral reservoir would lead to HIV rebound and disease progression during the process of immune reconstitution. In the present study, we demonstrate successful reconstitution of CD4+ T cells at the systemic level as well as in the gut mucosal immune system following CCR5{Delta}32/{Delta}32 stem cell transplantation, while the patient remains without any sign of HIV infection. This was observed although recovered CD4+ T cells contain a high proportion of activated memory CD4+ T cells, i.e. the preferential targets of HIV, and are susceptible to productive infection with CXCR4-tropic HIV. Furthermore, during the process of immune reconstitution, we found evidence for the replacement of long-lived host tissue cells with donor-derived cells indicating that the size of the viral reservoir has been reduced over time. In conclusion, our results strongly suggest that cure of HIV has been achieved in this patient.
