昆蟲傳播的植物病毒往往給作物造成巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失，因此選育具有抗病毒的作物品種是目前防治病毒危害的重要手段之一,。當(dāng)前,，隨著現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程的加快，近地面臭氧（O3）濃度不斷升高,。但這種變化對作物抗性品種的影響如何,，目前仍不清楚。
日前,，Journal of Experimental Botany 發(fā)表了中科院動物所戈峰研究員領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的團(tuán)隊的研究成果,。中科院動物研究所種群生態(tài)與全球變化研究組模擬研究了近地面臭氧（O3）由目前40ppb濃度增加到未來80ppb情景下,，植物對蚜傳病毒的作用。研究人員以抗馬鈴薯Y病毒（PVY）的煙草品種和常規(guī)對馬鈴薯Y病毒（PVY）敏感的煙草品種為研究對象,，系統(tǒng)地測定了未來高濃度臭氧（O3）下該2個品種植株的地上生物量,、葉綠素、含氮量,、非結(jié)構(gòu)性糖,、可溶性蛋白、總氨基酸,、尼古丁及過氧化物酶活等指標(biāo),，分析了這2個煙草品種在高濃度臭氧（O3）和病毒（PVY）危害分別和協(xié)同作用下的響應(yīng)機(jī)制。
結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)：在目前臭氧濃度（40ppb）條件下,，煙草抗性品種在受到病毒（PVY）侵染后將積累更多的生物量,，且碳氮比下降；但在臭氧升高的環(huán)境（80ppb）條件下,，抗性品種喪失了生物量優(yōu)勢,，而保持較低碳氮比。進(jìn)一步通過比較葉片內(nèi)過氧化物酶活的變化,，發(fā)現(xiàn)煙草抗性代價與生物量積累,、碳氮比密切相關(guān)；當(dāng)受到高濃度臭氧或植物病毒（PVY）危害等脅迫因子作用時,，煙草抗性品種植株內(nèi)的葉綠素含量穩(wěn)定,，而非抗性品種煙草葉綠素含量下降顯著。
該研究表明,，抗病毒煙草品種相對于普通品種而言,，對高濃度臭氧反映更為敏感；臭氧濃度升高導(dǎo)致煙草對蚜傳病毒的抗性下降,。（生物谷Bioon.com）
doi:10.1093/jxb/err361
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Enhanced sensitivity to higher ozone in a pathogen-resistant tobacco cultivar
Lefu Ye, Xue Fu, and Feng Ge
Investigations of the effects of elevated ozone (O3) on the virus–plant system were conducted to inform virus pathogen management strategies better. One susceptible cultivar of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Yongding) and a resistant cultivar (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Vam) to Potato virus Y petiole necrosis strain (PVYN) infection were grown in open-top chambers under ambient and elevated O3 concentrations. Above-ground biomass, foliage chlorophyll, nitrogen and total non-structural carbohydrate (TNCs), soluble protein, total amino acid (TAA) and nicotine content, and peroxidase (POD) activity were measured to estimate the effects of elevated O3 on the impact of PVYN in the two cultivars. Results showed that under ambient O3, the resistant cultivar possessed greater biomass and a lower C/N ratio after infection than the susceptible cultivar; however, under elevated O3, the resistant cultivar lost its biomass advantage but maintained a lower C/N ratio. Variation of foliar POD activity could be explained as a resistance cost which was significantly correlated with biomass and C/N ratio of the tobacco cultivar. Chlorophyll content remained steady in the resistant cultivar but decreased significantly in the susceptible cultivar when stressors were applied. Foliar soluble protein and free amino acid content, which were related to resistance cost changes, are also discussed. This study indicated that a virus-resistant tobacco cultivar showed increased sensitivity to elevated O3 compared to a virus-sensitive cultivar..
