1月11日,,Nature雜志上發(fā)表的研究表明,,或許以后都不用大汗淋漓的鍛煉了,,只需注射一種irisin激素,,就可以達(dá)到鍛煉的效果,,促進(jìn)脂肪燃燒進(jìn)而降低體重。
研究發(fā)現(xiàn)人工提高運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)分泌的一種激素水平,,就有可能達(dá)到鍛煉的效果,。研究人員以希臘信使女神Iris的名字將這種激素命名為irisin。這項(xiàng)發(fā)現(xiàn)或成為治療肥胖癥和糖尿病的關(guān)鍵,。
實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)人類和小鼠身上的irisin是相同的,,而且這種激素還能促進(jìn)一種耗能脂肪細(xì)胞的發(fā)育。
據(jù)了解,,蛋白質(zhì)PGC1-alpha能夠加強(qiáng)體育鍛煉的有利作用,,比如說(shuō)抵抗代謝類的疾病。波士頓達(dá)納法伯癌癥研究所一研究小組為了解更多,,便分析了由肌肉分泌,、PGC1-alpha蛋白調(diào)控的因子。而這些因子中有一種被證明是irisin,,因?yàn)椴卦谝粋€(gè)復(fù)雜的分子里而一直被忽視,。
研究人員進(jìn)一步研究發(fā)現(xiàn),多個(gè)回合鍛煉之后,小鼠和人體內(nèi)的irisin水平都猛增,。當(dāng)激素注射到處在早期發(fā)育階段的小鼠皮下白色脂肪細(xì)胞后,,這些細(xì)胞更可能成為“灰色”脂肪細(xì)胞。就像棕色脂肪細(xì)胞一樣,,這些細(xì)胞可以用于燃燒脂肪產(chǎn)生熱量,。
論文的主要作者Pontus Bostrom說(shuō),irisin攜帶一種信息從肌肉到達(dá)脂肪組織,。實(shí)驗(yàn)室主任Bruce Spiegelman以希臘信使女神Iris的名字來(lái)命名這種激素,。
實(shí)驗(yàn)中,注射irisin的高脂飲食小鼠比注射安慰劑的對(duì)照組小鼠燃燒更多的能量,,體重更輕,。Bostrom說(shuō),推測(cè)應(yīng)用一種激素可以模擬鍛煉的效果很簡(jiǎn)單,,但是要解釋這種效果的存在有點(diǎn)困難,。
Jan Nedergaard在瑞典斯德哥爾摩大學(xué)研究棕色脂肪。他說(shuō)有所肥胖相關(guān)的問(wèn)題都會(huì)對(duì)irisin感興趣,,但也會(huì)對(duì)它的來(lái)源感到困惑,。Bostrom和他的同事推測(cè)當(dāng)機(jī)體這種激素含量降低時(shí),就會(huì)顫抖,。而顫抖引起的肌肉收縮又會(huì)促使機(jī)體產(chǎn)生irisin,,進(jìn)而影響產(chǎn)熱的棕色脂肪細(xì)胞的生成,,所以這種激素或能緩解體溫的降低,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
doi:10.1038/nature10777
PMC:
PMID:
A PGC1-α-dependent myokine that drives brown-fat-like development of white fat and thermogenesis
Pontus Boström, Jun Wu, Mark P. Jedrychowski, Anisha Korde, Li Ye, James C. Lo, Kyle A. Rasbach, Elisabeth Almer Boström, Jang Hyun Choi, Jonathan Z. Long, Shingo Kajimura, Maria Cristina Zingaretti, Birgitte F. Vind, Hua Tu, Saverio Cinti, Kurt Højlund, Steven P. Gygi & Bruce M. Spiegelman
Exercise benefits a variety of organ systems in mammals, and some of the best-recognized effects of exercise on muscle are mediated by the transcriptional co-activator PPAR-γ co-activator-1 α (PGC1-α). Here we show in mouse that PGC1-α expression in muscle stimulates an increase in expression of FNDC5, a membrane protein that is cleaved and secreted as a newly identified hormone, irisin. Irisin acts on white adipose cells in culture and in vivo to stimulate UCP1 expression and a broad program of brown-fat-like development. Irisin is induced with exercise in mice and humans, and mildly increased irisin levels in the blood cause an increase in energy expenditure in mice with no changes in movement or food intake. This results in improvements in obesity and glucose homeostasis. Irisin could be therapeutic for human metabolic disease and other disorders that are improved with exercise.