2012年6月21日,,我所王曉晨實驗室在《Current Biology》雜志在線發(fā)表題為“C. elegans Secreted Lipid-Binding Protein NRF-5 Mediates PS Appearance on Phagocytes for Cell Corpse Engulfment”的文章,。
凋亡細胞的正常清除可防止其中有害物質的外泄而傷害正常細胞,從而對細胞穩(wěn)態(tài)平衡的調控起重要作用,。凋亡細胞清除缺陷會導致炎癥和免疫紊亂。
該文章以線蟲為模式動物,,通過遺傳篩選克隆獲得了凋亡細胞吞噬的新調控因子nrf-5,。NRF-5屬于脂類結合及轉運蛋白BPI/LBP/CETP/PLTP家族中的一員。我們的研究發(fā)現NRF-5其是由肌肉細胞中產生的分泌蛋白,,能特異性的識別凋亡細胞表面信號磷脂酰絲氨酸(phosphatidylserine),。很有意思的是NRF-5與我們之前發(fā)現的橋聯分子TTR-52識別凋亡細胞的方式是不一樣的,。NRF-5識別凋亡細胞依賴于CED-7,一種定位在凋亡細胞膜和吞噬細胞膜上ABCA轉運蛋白,;而TTR-52通過PS結合凋亡細胞,。
我們發(fā)現凋亡信號磷脂酰絲氨酸( PS )不僅可以暴露在凋亡細胞表面,在凋亡細胞周圍緊鄰的吞噬細胞表面也能檢測到PS的存在,。這種在吞噬細胞表面檢測到的磷脂酰絲氨酸( PS )在nrf-5,,ced-7,ttr-52 的突變體中被特異性的阻斷掉,,而nrf-5,,ced-7,ttr-52 突變體還會導致PS在凋亡細胞表面的積累,。通過體外實驗,,我們發(fā)現NRF-5具有脂類轉運活性,NRF-5和TTR-52可以相互作用,。我們的研究表明NRF-5與ABC transporter CED-7及橋聯分子TTR-52共同調控磷脂酰絲氨酸(PS)從凋亡細胞表面向鄰近吞噬細胞表面的轉運,。PS在凋亡細胞表面的出現介導了凋亡細胞的識別和吞噬,那么PS在吞噬細胞表面出現又起了什么作用呢,?利用living imaging analysis,,我們發(fā)現盡管凋亡細周圍有多個具有吞噬能力的吞噬細胞,絕大多數凋亡細胞最終被PS-positive的吞噬細胞所吞噬,。nrf-5 突變體阻斷了PS在吞噬細胞表面的出現并顯著延遲了凋亡細胞的吞噬,,表明具有磷脂酰絲氨酸信號的吞噬細胞具有更高的吞噬活性。
生命科學研究所與協和醫(yī)科大學聯合培養(yǎng)博士生張燕為本文第一作者,,我所博士生王海彬為第二作者,。趙東風博士、技術員林靜和盧明星也參與了此工作,。王曉晨博士為本文通訊作者,。此項研究由科技部863計劃和北京市科委資助,在北京生命科學研究所完成,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
doi:10.1016/j.cub.2012.06.004
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. elegans Secreted Lipid-Binding Protein NRF-5 Mediates PS Appearance on Phagocytes for Cell Corpse Engulfment
Yan Zhang, Haibin Wang, Eriko Kage-Nakadai, Shohei Mitani, Xiaochen Wang
Background During programmed cell death, apoptotic cells are rapidly removed by phagocytes. How dying cells are recognized remains poorly understood. Results Here we identify a secreted lipid transfer/LPS-binding family protein, NRF-5, which is required for efficient clearance of cell corpses. We observed that phosphatidylserine (PS), which is externalized to the outer leaflet of plasma membranes in apoptotic cells, is also detected on the surface of engulfing cells. Loss of NRF-5 function completely blocks PS appearance on engulfing cells but causes accumulation of PS on apoptotic cells, a phenotype observed in both ced-7(lf) and ttr-52(lf) mutants. The NRF-5 protein is expressed in and secreted from body wall muscle cells and clusters around apoptotic cells in a CED-7-dependent manner. NRF-5 associates with TTR-52, binds PS, and displays lipid transfer activity in vitro. Conclusion Our data suggest that NRF-5 may act with CED-7 and TTR-52 to mediate PS transfer from apoptotic cells to engulfing cells and thus promotes engulfment by phagocytes.