減數(shù)分裂是維持生物體染色體數(shù)恒定,，導(dǎo)致遺傳重組產(chǎn)生的基礎(chǔ)。減數(shù)分裂缺陷是導(dǎo)致不孕,、不育和出生障礙的主要原因,。絕大多數(shù)減數(shù)分裂基因在不同物種中有著高度保守的功能。HEI10基因最初在人類體細胞中分離,，并證明有調(diào)控細胞周期的功能,。在小鼠中研究表明HEI10基因的突變會導(dǎo)致減數(shù)分裂異常并最終導(dǎo)致不育，但是HEI10在減數(shù)分裂過程中的具體生物學功能目前仍然不清楚,。
程祝寬課題組在水稻中鑒定出了HEI10基因,，研究分析發(fā)現(xiàn)HEI10基因突變導(dǎo)致交叉結(jié)的數(shù)目顯著減少，而剩余交叉隨機分布于不同染色體上。但是HEI10的突變并不影響重組早期蛋白的定位以及聯(lián)會復(fù)合體的形成,。令人驚奇的是,，HEI10蛋白在染色體上呈現(xiàn)一種動態(tài)的定位：最初呈現(xiàn)為明顯的點狀而且與重組蛋白MER3高度共定位，隨著減數(shù)分裂聯(lián)會的進行,，HEI10沿著染色體軸逐漸連成線狀信號,，在聯(lián)會復(fù)合體解體之后，線狀信號逐漸消失,，只有大的點狀信號維持在染色體上,，而這些點狀信號恰好對應(yīng)于交叉結(jié)的位置。HEI10是水稻中分離的第一個可以用于指示重組位置的標記蛋白,，相關(guān)研究為在水稻中進一步深入研究重組機制提供了堅實基礎(chǔ),。
該研究結(jié)果于2012年7月5日在線發(fā)表于PLoS Genetics雜志上，程祝寬實驗室王克劍,、王莫和唐丁為該工作的共同第一作者,。該項工作受到科技部及國家自然科學基金委項目的資助。（生物谷Bioon.com）
doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1002809
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The Role of Rice HEI10 in the Formation of Meiotic Crossovers
Kejian Wang1#, Mo Wang1#, Ding Tang1#, Yi Shen1, Chunbo Miao1, Qing Hu1, Tiegang Lu2, Zhukuan Cheng1*
HEI10 was first described in human as a RING domain-containing protein that regulates cell cycle and cell invasion. Mice HEI10mei4 mutant displays no obvious defect other than meiotic failure from an absence of chiasmata. In this study, we characterize rice HEI10 by map-based cloning and explore its function during meiotic recombination. In the rice hei10 mutant, chiasma frequency is markedly reduced, and those remaining chiasmata exhibit a random distribution among cells, suggesting possible involvement of HEI10 in the formation of interference-sensitive crossovers (COs). However, mutation of HEI10 does not affect early recombination events and synaptonemal complex (SC) formation. HEI10 protein displays a highly dynamic localization on the meiotic chromosomes. It initially appears as distinct foci and co-localizes with MER3. Thereafter, HEI10 signals elongate along the chromosomes and finally restrict to prominent foci that specially localize to chiasma sites. The linear HEI10 signals always localize on ZEP1 signals, indicating that HEI10 extends along the chromosome in the wake of synapsis. Together our results suggest that HEI10 is the homolog of budding yeast Zip3 and Caenorhabditis elegans ZHP-3, and may specifically promote class I CO formation through modification of various meiotic components.
