近日,,來自Hedelberg大學(xué)分子生物學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)中心的研究者揭示了損傷的蛋白質(zhì)如何在細(xì)胞內(nèi)部進(jìn)行降解,,這項(xiàng)研究工作重點(diǎn)研究了特殊的蛋白酶的功能,相關(guān)研究成果刊登在了近日的國際雜志Molecular Cell上,。
當(dāng)研究者開始對這些特殊蛋白酶進(jìn)行研究時(shí),,他們先通過計(jì)算的途徑對其進(jìn)行預(yù)測,預(yù)測揭示出這些蛋白酶可以被激活,。然而研究者仍然需要進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)來確定其生理學(xué)的酶作用物,。研究者Lemberg博士表示,目前關(guān)于菱形蛋白酶(rhomboid protease)家族的親緣關(guān)系并不能幫助我們進(jìn)行蛋白酶的相關(guān)分子處理研究,,并不像當(dāng)前所研究的菱形蛋白酶,,這種新型的蛋白酶主要集中于細(xì)胞的內(nèi)質(zhì)網(wǎng)(ER)上。
研究者發(fā)現(xiàn)這種新型的蛋白酶在細(xì)胞面臨蛋白質(zhì)折疊壓力的時(shí)候需要量急劇上升,。在細(xì)胞中,,蛋白質(zhì)從產(chǎn)生到折疊成正確的三維結(jié)構(gòu),最終來完成其功能,;尤其當(dāng)?shù)鞍踪|(zhì)積累的時(shí)候,,錯(cuò)誤折疊的蛋白質(zhì)就會損傷細(xì)胞,比如常見的阿爾茲海默癥和帕金森等疾病,。
研究者表示,,如今他們揭示了ER菱形蛋白酶可以根據(jù)膜固著點(diǎn)來清除異常的蛋白質(zhì),這種新型蛋白酶可以通過ER相關(guān)的降解途徑來清理折疊錯(cuò)誤的蛋白質(zhì),,以減少錯(cuò)誤蛋白對細(xì)胞的損傷,。研究者的相關(guān)研究為我們在分子基礎(chǔ)上理解蛋白質(zhì)降解提供了新的思路。研究者的相關(guān)研究受到了Baden Wurttemberg的資助,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
編譯自:How Cells Degrade Aberrant Membrane Proteins
doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2012.06.008
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PMID:
Ubiquitin-Dependent Intramembrane Rhomboid Protease Promotes ERAD of Membrane Proteins
Lina Fleig, Nina Bergbold, Priyanka Sahasrabudhe, Beate Geiger, Lejla Kaltak, Marius K. Lemberg
The ER-associated degradation (ERAD) pathway serves as an important cellular safeguard by directing incorrectly folded and unassembled proteins from the ER to the proteasome. Still, however, little is known about the components mediating ERAD of membrane proteins. Here we show that the evolutionary conserved rhomboid family protein RHBDL4 is a ubiquitin-dependent ER-resident intramembrane protease that is upregulated upon ER stress. RHBDL4 cleaves single-spanning and polytopic membrane proteins with unstable transmembrane helices, leading to their degradation by the canonical ERAD machinery. RHBDL4 specifically binds the AAA+-ATPase p97, suggesting that proteolytic processing and dislocation into the cytosol are functionally linked. The phylogenetic relationship between rhomboids and the ERAD factor derlin suggests that substrates for intramembrane proteolysis and protein dislocation are recruited by a shared mechanism.