近日,，美國《公共科學圖書館—綜合》（PLoS ONE）發(fā)表了日本慶應大學一個研究小組的研究成果,，他們利用兩名健康百歲老壽星死后的皮膚細胞，成功培育出誘導多功能干細胞（iPS細胞）,。它們可以作為“無疾而終”的“正常細胞”的指標,，用于幫助阿爾茨海默氏癥等疾病的早期診斷。
據(jù)日本《產(chǎn)經(jīng)新聞》網(wǎng)站7月26日報道,，皮膚細胞在人死后大約兩天內(nèi)依然“存活”,，慶應大學教授鈴木則宏等人征得家屬的同意后，從兩名105歲以上的“健康長壽”死者身上分別采集了皮膚細胞,，并且培育出了沒有疾病性質(zhì)的正常的iPS細胞,，而且使其分化成神經(jīng)細胞。
用阿爾茨海默氏癥患者iPS細胞培育出的神經(jīng)細胞與這些神經(jīng)細胞相比,，前者與疾病相關的一種蛋白質(zhì)“β－淀粉肽”是后者的近兩倍。用帕金森氏癥患者iPS細胞培育出的神經(jīng)細胞,，其蛋白質(zhì)“α－突觸核蛋白”也是用這些“無疾終老”者iPS細胞培育出的神經(jīng)細胞的近兩倍,。
由于樣本采集自沒有重病、極其健康的高壽老人遺體,，用它們作為比照對象,，有望幫助阿爾茨海默氏癥等疾病的早期診斷，或幫助醫(yī)學人員開發(fā)出相關疾病的早期預防藥物,。（生物谷Bioon.com）
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0041572
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Establishment of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Centenarians for Neurodegenerative Disease Research
Takuya Yagi1, Arifumi Kosakai1, Daisuke Ito1*, Yohei Okada2,3, Wado Akamatsu2, Yoshihiro Nihei1, Akira Nabetani4, Fuyuki Ishikawa4, Yasumichi Arai5, Nobuyoshi Hirose2, Hideyuki Okano2, Norihiro Suzuki1
Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology can be used to model human disorders, create cell-based models of human diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, and in establishing therapeutic strategies. To detect subtle cellular abnormalities associated with common late-onset disease in iPSCs, valid control iPSCs derived from healthy donors free of serious late-onset diseases are necessary. Here, we report the generation of iPSCs from fibroblasts obtained immediately postmortem from centenarian donors (106- and 109-years-old) who were extremely healthy until an advanced age. The iPSCs were generated using a conventional method involving OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, and c-MYC, and then differentiated into neuronal cells using a neurosphere method. The expression of molecules that play critical roles in late-onset neurodegenerative diseases by neurons differentiated from the centenarian-iPSCs was compared to that of neurons differentiated from iPSCs derived from familial Alzheimer's disease and familial Parkinson's disease (PARK4: triplication of the α synuclein gene) patients. The results indicated that our series of iPSCs would be useful in neurodegeneration research. The iPSCs we describe, which were derived from donors with exceptional longevity who were presumed to have no serious disease risk factors, would be useful in longevity research and as valid super-controls for use in studies of various late-onset diseases.
