制藥科學家所面臨的最艱巨的挑戰(zhàn)之一就是不受藥物影響的蛋白質,,約80%的蛋白質涉及人類疾病,其中有些蛋白質并不與現(xiàn)有藥物發(fā)生相互作用,,也即這些藥物都是無效的,。
近日,耶魯大學研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種新方法可以設計出以前無法進入這些蛋白質的藥物,。
這項研究發(fā)表在7月26日Chemistry & Biology雜志上,。耶魯大學化學生物學研究所、論文主要作者Alanna Schepartz博士對既可以穿過細胞膜又能抑制蛋白質之間相互作用的的分子擁有巨大興趣,。
蛋白質和多肽在抑制試管中的蛋白質之間的相互作用是非常好的,。我們已經(jīng)確定了一個信號幫助這些蛋白質進入細胞。大多數(shù)藥物是非常小的分子,,能很好地融入相對較大的蛋白質,,以抑制化學反應。但許多疾病有關的蛋白質并不進行化學反應,。相反,,他們結合其他蛋白質或DNA或RNA。
已被證明設計出抑制這些結合相互作用的小分子是非常困難的,。雖然今天已將蛋白質作為藥物使用,,但他們幾乎完全在細胞外區(qū)域發(fā)揮作用,而不是在引發(fā)許多疾病的細胞內部發(fā)揮功效,。
Schepartz和她的研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn)一種信號分子,,使?jié)撛诘闹委熜缘鞍踪|能順利進入使用囊泡或與細胞膜融合發(fā)生內吞過程。這樣有助于運送蛋白達到細胞內部的,。這項研究是由國立衛(wèi)生研究院資助,。(生物谷:Bioon.com)
編譯自:Scientists find a way to make disease-causing proteins vulnerable to drugs
doi:10.1016/j.chembiol.2012.05.022
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Arginine Topology Controls Escape of Minimally Cationic Proteins from Early Endosomes to the Cytoplasm
Jacob S. Appelbaum,Jonathan R. LaRochelle,Betsy A. Smith,Daniel M. Balkin,et al.
Proteins represent an expanding class of therapeutics, but their actions are limited primarily to extracellular targets because most peptidic molecules fail to enter cells. Here we identified two small proteins, miniature protein 5.3 and zinc finger module ZF5.3, that enter cells to reach the cytosol through rapid internalization and escape from Rab5+ endosomes. The trafficking pathway mapped for these molecules differs from that of Tat and Arg8, which require transport beyond Rab5+ endosomes to gain cytosolic access. Our results suggest that the ability of 5.3 and ZF5.3 to escape from early endosomes is a unique feature and imply the existence of distinct signals, encodable within short sequences, that favor early versus late endosomal release. Identifying these signals and understanding their mechanistic basis will illustrate how cells control the movement of endocytic cargo and may allow researchers to engineer molecules to follow a desired delivery pathway for rapid cytosolic access.