7月24日,Cell Research雜志在線發(fā)表了中科院生物物理研究所劉迎芳課題組等的研究成果,題為Crystal structure of ISG54 reveals a novel RNA binding structure and potential functional mechanisms,。該項成果是劉迎芳課題組繼抗病毒蛋白ZAP(NSMB. 2012 Mar 11;19(4):430-5)研究工作之后,,在干擾素誘導抗病毒蛋白結構與功能研究方面的又一新進展,。
干擾素誘導基因56(Interferon-stimulated gene 56,, ISG56)家族成員在細胞抵御病毒入侵時發(fā)揮重要的作用,,但是其功能機制一直不清楚,。早期的報道認為,,ISG56家族成員ISG54和ISG56可以通過抑制翻譯起始復合物的形成來行使抗病毒功能。隨后有人發(fā)現(xiàn),,該家族成員還影響細胞因子的表達。近來的研究結果表明,,ISG54和ISG56可以識別非宿主mRNA從而行使抗病毒功能,。盡管這些結果為ISG56家族成員的抗病毒功能提出了可能的機制,,但是無法解釋其細胞功能機制,。
劉迎芳課題組通過解析晶體結構,發(fā)現(xiàn)ISG54具有一種全新的RNA結合蛋白結構,,該結構含有9個tetratricopeptide repeat-like結構域,,形成domain-swapped二體(如圖),。ISG54的C端折疊成一個超螺旋結構,,可以用來結合病毒mRNA,。這些RNA結合位點的關鍵殘基被突變以后,,ISG54會喪失其RNA結合能力和抗病毒功能,。
研究中還意外發(fā)現(xiàn),,ISG54對于RNA的序列具有很強的選擇性,,其傾向于結合富含AU的RNA,這種結合并不依賴于mRNA Cap和5’三磷酸化特征,。進一步的研究表明,,ISG54可以結合細胞因子蛋白mRNA非編碼區(qū)的ARE序列,。由于ARE對于調節(jié)mRNA的穩(wěn)定性有重要作用,,研究人員推測這可能是ISG54發(fā)揮細胞功能的關鍵。
作為ISG56家族蛋白的第一個結構,,該項工作對于解釋ISG56家族成員的功能機制具有重要意義,。
該項工作是由劉迎芳研究員與武漢大學舒紅兵院士組合作完成的,。該項研究課題得到了科技部,、國家自然科學基金委和中國科學院的資助,以及上海光源和Diamond同步輻射光源的支持,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
doi:10.1038/cr.2012.111
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Crystal structure of ISG54 reveals a novel RNA binding structure and potential functional mechanisms
Zhenlin Yang1,*, Huanhuan Liang1,*, Qian Zhou2,*, Ying Li2, Haiwei Chen3, Wen Ye2, Danying Chen3, Joy Fleming1, Hongbing Shu2 and Yingfang Liu1
Interferon-stimulated gene 56 (ISG56) family members play important roles in blocking viral replication and regulating cellular functions, however, their underlying molecular mechanisms are largely unclear. Here, we present the crystal structure of ISG54, an ISG56 family protein with a novel RNA-binding structure. The structure shows that ISG54 monomers have 9 tetratricopeptide repeat-like motifs and associate to form domain-swapped dimers. The C-terminal part folds into a super-helical structure and has an extensively positively-charged nucleotide-binding channel on its inner surface. EMSA results show that ISG54 binds specifically to some RNAs, such as adenylate uridylate (AU)-rich RNAs, with or without 5′ triphosphorylation. Mutagenesis and functional studies show that this RNA-binding ability is important to its antiviral activity. Our results suggest a new mechanism underlying the antiviral activity of this interferon-inducible gene 56 family member.