2012年8月16日 訊 /生物谷BIOON/ --近日,來自加州大學(xué)戴維斯分校和北京大學(xué)的研究者發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種可以解釋α-羥基酸類(alpha hydroxyl acids,AHAs)增強(qiáng)皮膚美觀度的分子機(jī)制,α-羥基酸類是化妝品和除皺乳膏中的主要成分,,這項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)對于我們更好地理解化妝品成分以及醫(yī)學(xué)應(yīng)用提供了很好的思路。
相關(guān)研究成果刊登在了近日的國際雜志Journal of Biological Chemistry上,。AHAs是一組弱酸,,來源于天然物質(zhì),如甘蔗,、酸乳,、蘋果和柑桔中,這些天然物質(zhì)常被用于化妝品工業(yè)制造中,,可以增強(qiáng)皮膚的光澤度和組織紋理,。此前的研究中,很少有人研究AHAs如何促使皮膚脫落并產(chǎn)生新的皮膚組織,。
研究者重點(diǎn)研究了離子通道這種細(xì)胞途徑,,離子通道稱為瞬時性受體辣椒素3(TRPV3),其位于角化細(xì)胞(皮膚外層重要的細(xì)胞類型)的細(xì)胞膜上,。有研究表明,,這種離子通道在正常皮膚的生理過程和溫度敏感性上扮演著重要角色。
通過將細(xì)胞暴露于AHAs中,,并記錄通過其的電流強(qiáng)度等一系列實(shí)驗(yàn),,研究者開發(fā)出了一種模型,這種模型可以描述羥基乙酸如何進(jìn)入到角蛋白細(xì)胞中,,并且產(chǎn)生游離的質(zhì)子,;然后在細(xì)胞中產(chǎn)生酸性環(huán)境(低pH環(huán)境)。低pH值可以明顯激活TRPV3離子通道,,并且打開此通道讓鈣離子進(jìn)入到細(xì)胞內(nèi)部,。由于許多質(zhì)子也可以通過該離子通道進(jìn)入到細(xì)胞中,因此這個過程可以為自身提供能量,。如果鈣離子在細(xì)胞中負(fù)荷超重則會引發(fā)細(xì)胞的死亡和皮膚的脫落,。
研究者Jie Zheng表示,我們的實(shí)驗(yàn)首次揭示了TRPV3離子通道是一個增強(qiáng)皮膚美觀的一個潛在靶點(diǎn),盡管化妝品工業(yè)中,,AHAs已經(jīng)使用了許多年,,但是并沒有人知道其具體作用的分子機(jī)制。(生物谷Bioon.com)
編譯自:Pathway describes how alpha hydroxyl acids cause skin exfoliation
doi:10.1074/jbc.M112.364869
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PMID:
Intracellular Proton-mediated Activation of TRPV3 Channels Accounts for the Exfoliation Effect of α-Hydroxyl Acids on Keratinocytes.
Cao X, Yang F, Zheng J, Wang K.
α-Hydroxyl acids (AHAs) from natural sources act as proton donors and topical compounds that penetrate skin and are well known in the cosmetic industry for their use in chemical peels and improvement of the skin. However, little is known about how AHAs cause exfoliation to expose fresh skin cells. Here we report that the transient receptor potential vanilloid 3 (TRPV3) channel in keratinocytes is potently activated by intracellular acidification induced by glycolic acid. Patch clamp recordings and cell death assay of both human keratinocyte HaCaT cells and TRPV3-expressing HEK-293 cells confirmed that intracellular acidification led to direct activation of TRPV3 and promoted cell death. Site-directed mutagenesis revealed that an N-terminal histidine residue, His-426, known to be involved in 2-aminoethyl diphenylborinate-mediated TRPV3 activation, is critical for sensing intracellular proton levels. Taken together, our findings suggest that intracellular protons can strongly activate TRPV3, and TRPV3-mediated proton sensing and cell death in keratinocytes may serve as a molecular basis for the cosmetic use of AHAs and their therapeutic potential in acidic pH-related skin disorders.