2012年9月17日 電 /生物谷BIOON/ --CNIO科學(xué)家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一個(gè)研究項(xiàng)目闡明了組織和器官是如何選擇“最好”的細(xì)胞,,“不好”的細(xì)胞是如何引起疾病的,。來(lái)自西班牙國(guó)家癌癥研究中心(CNIO)的科學(xué)家們描述了在細(xì)胞水平上也存在著自然選擇,研究闡明了我們的身體組織和器官為了抵御疾病是如何努力留住那些最好的細(xì)胞,。相關(guān)研究結(jié)果發(fā)表在新一期的Cell Reports雜志上,。研究由瑞士伯爾尼大學(xué)Eduardo Moreno在CNIO開展完成。
最近研究表明Charles Darwin(達(dá)爾文)的自然選擇在細(xì)胞水平上也存在,,我們身體中的組織和器官會(huì)為了抵御疾病努力留住并保持那些處于最好狀態(tài)的細(xì)胞,。
即使胰腺細(xì)胞與皮膚細(xì)胞的遺傳物質(zhì)是完全相同的,但胰腺細(xì)胞與皮膚細(xì)胞執(zhí)行完全不同的功能,,胰腺細(xì)胞主要是分泌胰島素,,皮膚細(xì)胞其屏障保護(hù)的作用。一個(gè)人含有200多種不同的細(xì)胞類型,。
盡管新興細(xì)胞在自然競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中能保持自身功能正常運(yùn)行,,但負(fù)責(zé)維持這種自然競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力所需的確切細(xì)胞和分子機(jī)制還沒(méi)有完全被闡明清楚。他們通過(guò)使用最廣泛的動(dòng)物模型果蠅開展相關(guān)研究,,研究結(jié)果已證實(shí),,細(xì)胞在不同階段都會(huì)通過(guò)與其它細(xì)胞競(jìng)爭(zhēng)來(lái)更好的維持住自己本身的功能。
論文的主要作者Fidel Lolo認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)研究的主要貢獻(xiàn)是首次證實(shí)了淋巴循環(huán)中血細(xì)胞在消除細(xì)胞殘留中發(fā)揮的作用,。論文合著者Sergio Casas-Tintó補(bǔ)充說(shuō),,這項(xiàng)研究的結(jié)果表明血細(xì)胞消除這些殘留物即吞噬作用所必需的基因,并不是那些競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中處于劣勢(shì)細(xì)胞凋亡所必須的基因,。Eduardo Moreno認(rèn)為,,研究揭示了吞噬作用并不是細(xì)胞死亡的原因,相反是細(xì)胞死亡產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果,,但還需開展更多的研究工作以確定這一點(diǎn),。(生物谷:Bioon.com)
doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2012.08.012
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Cell Competition Time Line: Winners Kill Losers, which Are Extruded and Engulfed by Hemocytes
Fidel-Nicolás Lolo, Sergio Casas-Tintó, Eduardo Moreno
Cell competition is a mechanism that eliminates slow dividing cells from a growing population. It is believed that the genes wasp, psr, and draper are active in the cells that win the competition (winner cells) and that they are essential in the winner cells for the induction of apoptosis and for the elimination of the loser cells. Here, we show that lack of those genes in winner cells appears to be dispensable for cell-competition-induced apoptosis and during dmyc-induced supercompetition. Moreover, winner clones do not need those genes in order to preserve their growth advantage. Finally, we find that most of the clearance of the apoptotic debris is not performed by winners but by recruited hemocytes, which are required for the removal of the apoptotic corpses at the very end. Therefore, engulfment is a consequencenot a causeof loser cells' death.