2012年12月6日訊 /生物谷BIOON/ --羅切斯特大學醫(yī)學中心的科學家正在測試一種新的方法,,在干細胞移植后一個脆弱的時期內(nèi)加快病人血球計數(shù)的回復,,相關研究結(jié)果發(fā)表在Stem Cells雜志上。
用于治療胃潰瘍的藥物前列腺素E2(PGE2)能促進放療或化療后血液的生成,。雖然他們的研究是在小鼠身上開展,,但研究人員認為這對未來治療患者具有重要意義。
研究工作者說:研究令人興奮,,我們對內(nèi)分泌/代謝和造血干細胞的行為具有特殊興趣,,發(fā)現(xiàn)了如何彌補骨髓抑制的方法。在移植手術后頭6周左右,,由于低血計數(shù),,患者可以很容易地獲得嚴重感染。我們正在研究新的方法如何補充骨髓中細胞以及理解其中發(fā)生的機制,。
干細胞移植也被稱為骨髓移植或外周血移植,,可以挽救白血以及其他血液癌癥病人的生命。
造血干細胞大多居住在骨髓(海綿狀骨中心)中,,在那里分化或保持安靜,,成熟,然后進入血流或死亡,。許多時間影響這些細胞的行為選擇,。白血病以及某些類型的淋巴瘤在化療和放療會破壞血液中的干細胞,,移植提供了一種全新的替代療法。
移植成功部分取決于患者身體是否能夠重塑新獲得足夠數(shù)量的造血干細胞,,Calvi的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),,早期PGE2治療不僅加速血細胞的恢復,也保護了周圍微環(huán)境刺激新移植細胞的生成,。她說,,事實上,一個最有前途的研究方向是觀察骨髓微環(huán)境的活動,。
通常在體內(nèi)產(chǎn)生的前列腺素是一種激素,,在放療或化療過程中,激素介導炎癥反應,。前列腺素水平通常持續(xù)大約六天上升,。在這段時間內(nèi),骨髓開始慢慢地自身恢復,。然而,,Calvi的研究還表明,喂養(yǎng)PGE2藥物化合物對小鼠似乎提供了一個額外的好處,,即通過改變骨髓的環(huán)境,,使之更快更好的產(chǎn)生血細胞。
研究人員已在美國和歐洲申請了專利,,這項研究是由美國國家衛(wèi)生研究院,,美國國立糖尿病研究所等倡議。(生物谷:Bioon.com)
doi:10.1002/stem.1286
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PMID:
Prostaglandin E2 Increases Hematopoietic Stem Cell Survival and Accelerates Hematopoietic Recovery after Radiation Injury.
Rebecca L. Porter, Mary Georger, Olga Bromberg, Kathleen E. McGrath, Benjamin J. Frisch, Michael W. Becker, Laura M. Calvi.
Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), which continuously maintain all mature blood cells, are regulated within the marrow microenvironment. We previously reported that pharmacologic treatment of na?ve mice with prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) expands HSPCs. However, the cellular mechanisms mediating this expansion remain unknown. Here we demonstrate that PGE2 treatment in na?ve mice inhibits apoptosis of HSPCs without changing their proliferation rate. In a murine model of sub-lethal total body irradiation (TBI), in which HSPCs are rapidly lost, treatment with a long-acting PGE2 analogue (dmPGE2) reversed the apoptotic program initiated by TBI. dmPGE2 treatment in vivo decreased the loss of functional HSPCs following radiation injury, as demonstrated both phenotypically and by their increased reconstitution capacity. The antiapoptotic effect of dmPGE2 on HSPCs did not impair their ability to differentiate in vivo, resulting instead in improved hematopoietic recovery after TBI. dmPGE2 also increased microenvironmental cyclooxygenase-2 expression and expanded the α-SMA+ subset of marrow macrophages, thus enhancing the bone marrow microenvironmental response to TBI. Therefore, in vivo treatment with PGE2 analogues may be particularly beneficial to HSPCs in the setting of injury by targeting them both directly and also through their niche. The current data provide rationale for in vivo manipulation of the HSPC pool as a strategy to improve recovery after myelosuppression