骨細胞是成熟骨組織中的主要細胞,，對骨吸收和骨形成都起作用，是維持成熟骨新陳代謝的主要細胞,。日本研究人員在動物實驗中發(fā)現(xiàn),，骨細胞不僅形成骨骼，還控制著骨髓內(nèi)造血干細胞的活動,。
用造血干細胞移植法治療白血病等血液疾病時,，先要向健康人注射粒細胞集落刺激因子（G－CSF），促使骨髓內(nèi)的造血干細胞流到血液中,，然后從血液中采集干細胞,，再移植給患者,。
日本岡山大學(xué)和神戶大學(xué)的研究小組在實驗中發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果使實驗鼠的骨細胞減少,，即使給它們注射G－CSF,，也幾乎沒有造血干細胞流到血液中。因此,，骨細胞控制著造血干細胞的活動,。
研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn)，骨細胞管理著成骨細胞的功能,，由于成骨細胞負責(zé)將造血干細胞留在骨髓內(nèi),，注射G－CSF后，骨細胞的管理能力削弱,，造血干細胞更容易流到血液中,。成骨細胞是骨形成的主要功能細胞，負責(zé)骨基質(zhì)的合成,、分泌和礦化,。
相關(guān)論文刊登在新一期《細胞·干細胞》雜志上。研究小組指出,，在白血病治療中,，部分造血干細胞提供者接受G－CSF注射后，會感覺骨骼疼痛,，但是一直未弄清其中的原因,，今后將進一步探索骨細胞的功能。（生物谷 Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦的文章片段
Cell Stem Cell doi: 10.1016/j.stem.2013.05.001
Matrix-Embedded Osteocytes Regulate Mobilization of Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells
Noboru Asada, Yoshio Katayama, Mari Sato, Kentaro Minagawa, Kanako Wakahashi, Hiroki Kawano, Yuko Kawano, Akiko Sada, Kyoji Ikeda, Toshimitsu Matsui, Mitsune Tanimoto
The bone marrow (BM) niche comprises multiple cell types that regulate hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC) migration out of the niche and into the circulation. Here, we demonstrate that osteocytes, the major cellular component of mature bone, are regulators of HSPC egress. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), used clinically to mobilize HSPCs, induces changes in the morphology and gene expression of the osteocytic network that precedes changes in osteoblasts. This rapid response is likely under control of the sympathetic nervous system, since osteocytes express the β2-adrenergic receptor and surgical sympathectomy prevents it. Mice with targeted ablation of osteocytes or a disrupted osteocyte network have comparable numbers of HSPCs in the BM but fail to mobilize HSPCs in response to G-CSF. Taken together, these results indicate that the BM/bone niche interface is critically controlled from inside of the bone matrix and establish an important physiological role for skeletal tissues in hematopoietic function.
