來(lái)自上海交通大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院附屬瑞金醫(yī)院,,上海血液學(xué)研究所醫(yī)學(xué)基因組學(xué)國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室(State Key Laboratory for Medical Genomics),上海交通大學(xué)系統(tǒng)生物醫(yī)學(xué)研究院(Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine),,以及中科院上海生物化學(xué)與細(xì)胞生物學(xué)研究院的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)了白血病相關(guān)蛋白EEN(extra eleven nineteen,,EEN) 基因的基因組結(jié)構(gòu)特征,為進(jìn)一步揭示白血病致病分子機(jī)理提供了重要的資料,。這一研究成果發(fā)表在新鮮出爐(1月15日)的《Blood》雜志上,。
領(lǐng)導(dǎo)這一研究的是上海血液學(xué)研究所執(zhí)行所長(zhǎng)醫(yī)學(xué)基因組學(xué)國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室主任陳賽娟院士,以及上海交通大學(xué)系統(tǒng)生物醫(yī)學(xué)研究院主任陳竺院士,。
EEN(extra eleven nineteen)是一個(gè)新的人類急性白血病相關(guān)基因,,在之前的研究中,劉盂珉等人與其它實(shí)驗(yàn)室合作,在一例兒童急性髓性血病中,,克隆了一個(gè)與hrx基因融合的新基因,,命名為EEN,并應(yīng)用熒光染色體原位雜交技術(shù)將該基因定位于染色體l9pl3上,。在這篇文章中,,研究人員進(jìn)一步解析了EEN基因的包括5’調(diào)控區(qū)域與轉(zhuǎn)錄起始位點(diǎn)(transcription start site,TSS)在內(nèi)的基因組結(jié)構(gòu)特征,。
研究結(jié)果表明,,細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)錄激活因子Sp1可以結(jié)合在EEN啟動(dòng)子的guanine-cytosine (GC)–stretch上,而且對(duì)于正常EEN的表達(dá)起著關(guān)鍵性的作用,,而白血病相關(guān)融合蛋白AML1-ETO可以通過(guò)一個(gè)AML1結(jié)合位點(diǎn)異常反式激活(transactivate)EEN基因,。眾所周知,過(guò)量表達(dá)的EEN表現(xiàn)出致瘤特性(oncogenic properties),,比如NIH3T3細(xì)胞的潛在轉(zhuǎn)換性,,刺激細(xì)胞增殖,以及增加轉(zhuǎn)錄因子AP-11de活性,。
除此之外,,鼠科造血EEN基因的逆轉(zhuǎn)錄轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)(Retroviral transduction)也會(huì)引起造血干細(xì)胞的自我更新與增殖。進(jìn)一步的RNAi實(shí)驗(yàn)表明EEN的下調(diào)(down-regulation)會(huì)抑制Kasumi-1和HL60細(xì)胞的生長(zhǎng),。
這些實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明EEN也許是一種與MLL或AML1轉(zhuǎn)位有關(guān)的AML(急性髓系白血?。﹥煞N主要類型的常見(jiàn)靶標(biāo),EEN的過(guò)量表達(dá)也在白血病發(fā)生機(jī)制中扮演著重要的角色,。
另外近期研究人員也發(fā)現(xiàn)了琢-連結(jié)蛋白基因(alpha-catenin)可能就是白血病抑制基因,,這一由中國(guó)科學(xué)院健康科學(xué)研究所研究員劉廷析以及上海交大等聯(lián)合完成的研究成果深度解析了髓細(xì)胞(myeloid cell)轉(zhuǎn)換過(guò)程中5號(hào)染色體長(zhǎng)臂(Chromosome 5q)缺失α-catenin基因(CTNNA1)的表觀抑制作用,為了解基因與疾病之間關(guān)系,,以及對(duì)骨髓增生異常綜合癥(myelodysplastic syndrome, MDS,,一種白血病前期失序癥)和急性粒細(xì)胞白血病(acute myeloid leukemia,,AML)的治療提供了重要資料。詳細(xì)內(nèi)容見(jiàn)中科院與上海交大發(fā)表《自然》子刊文章,。
原始出處:
Blood, 15 January 2007, Vol. 109, No. 2, pp. 769-777.
Prepublished online as a Blood First Edition Paper on September 21, 2006; DOI 10.1182/blood-2006-02-003517.
Aberrant transcriptional regulation of the MLL fusion partner EEN by AML1-ETO and its implication in leukemogenesis
Li-Heng Ma1,2, Han Liu1, Hui Xiong3, Bing Chen1, Xiao-Wei Zhang1, Yue-Ying Wang1, Huang-Ying Le1, Qiu-Hua Huang1, Qing-Hua Zhang1, Bo-Liang Li4, Zhu Chen1,2, and Sai-Juan Chen1,2,
1 State Key Laboratory for Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU), Shanghai, China; 2 Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, SJTU, Shanghai, China; 3 Shanghai Laboratory of Disease and Health Genomics, Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai; 4 Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
The EEN (extra eleven nineteen) gene, located on chromosome 19p13, was cloned as a fusion with MLL from a patient with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with translocation t(11;19)(q23;p13). In this study, we characterized the genomic structure of the EEN gene, including its 5' regulatory region and transcription start site (TSS). We found that Sp1 could bind to the guanine-cytosine (GC)–stretch of the EEN promoter and was critical for the normal EEN expression, whereas the leukemia-associated fusion protein AML1-ETO could aberrantly transactivate the EEN gene through an AML1 binding site. Of note, overexpressed EEN showed oncogenic properties, such as transforming potential in NIH3T3 cells, stimulating cell proliferation, and increasing the activity of transcriptional factor AP-1. Retroviral transduction of EEN increased self-renewal and proliferation of murine hematopoietic progenitor cells. Moreover, Kasumi-1 and HL60-cell growth was inhibited with down-regulation of EEN by RNAi. These findings demonstrate that EEN might be a common target in 2 major types of AML associated with MLL or AML1 translocations, and overexpression of EEN may play an essential role in leukemogenesis.