來自美國Hauptman-Woodward醫(yī)學(xué)研究中心和杜克大學(xué)的研究人員獲得了哺乳動(dòng)物的GRP94蛋白的高分辨率3D結(jié)構(gòu),,該蛋白對(duì)于研究免疫性疾病如敗血癥和AIDS等十分重要,,這是首次獲得這一蛋白的高分辨率3D結(jié)構(gòu)。這一研究成果公布在《分子細(xì)胞》(Molecular Cell)雜志上,。
領(lǐng)導(dǎo)這一研究的Daniel T Gewirth博士在2001年就提出假說,,認(rèn)為這種GRP94蛋白是我們所熟知的HSP90蛋白家族的成員,作為配基調(diào)控分子伴侶蛋白(ligand-regulated chaperones),,HSP90蛋白家族可以幫助其它細(xì)胞中的蛋白形成其活性形狀,,因此HSP90s是蛋白調(diào)控和識(shí)別中一種重要的蛋白。目前科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)HSP90蛋白可以作為治療藥物的靶標(biāo)(刺激或者抑制),,所以這種蛋白已經(jīng)成為了許多科學(xué)家研究的焦點(diǎn),。
自2001年,Gewirth和其實(shí)驗(yàn)室成員利用X衍射技術(shù)研究哺乳動(dòng)物器官中這種蛋白的結(jié)構(gòu),,從中了解其功能,,確定這種蛋白是否真的是HSP90蛋白家族中的一員,結(jié)果他們發(fā)現(xiàn)這種蛋白的結(jié)構(gòu)和活性模式都證明GRP94確實(shí)是HSP90家族的一種蛋白,。
Gewirth表示,,“我們的工作在機(jī)制上和治療方向上都為這種蛋白的進(jìn)一步作用評(píng)估打開了一道門,除了能幫助我們加深對(duì)分子伴侶介導(dǎo)的蛋白折疊的基礎(chǔ)生物學(xué)方面的認(rèn)識(shí),,這項(xiàng)工作也有利于特異性靶定HSP90家族個(gè)體成員的藥物設(shè)計(jì)”,。
原始出處:
Molecular Cell, Vol 28, 41-56, 12 October 2007
Article
Structures of GRP94-Nucleotide Complexes Reveal Mechanistic Differences between the hsp90 Chaperones
D. Eric Dollins,1,2 Joshua J. Warren,2 Robert M. Immormino,1,2 and Daniel T. Gewirth1,
1 Hauptman-Woodward Medical Research Institute, 700 Ellicott Street, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
2 Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
Corresponding author
Daniel T. Gewirth
[email protected]
GRP94, an essential endoplasmic reticulum chaperone, is required for the conformational maturation of proteins destined for cell-surface display or export. The extent to which GRP94 and its cytosolic paralog, Hsp90, share a common mechanism remains controversial. GRP94 has not been shown conclusively to hydrolyze ATP or bind cochaperones, and both activities, by contrast, result in conformational changes and N-terminal dimerization in Hsp90 that are critical for its function. Here, we report the 2.4 Å crystal structure of mammalian GRP94 in complex with AMPPNP and ADP. The chaperone is conformationally insensitive to the identity of the bound nucleotide, adopting a “twisted V” conformation that precludes N-terminal domain dimerization. We also present conclusive evidence that GRP94 possesses ATPase activity. Our observations provide a structural explanation for GRP94's observed rate of ATP hydrolysis and suggest a model for the role of ATP binding and hydrolysis in the GRP94 chaperone cycle.