昆明動物所”百人計劃”獲得者賴仞研究員領導的團隊通過對牛虻唾液腺分泌物中蛋白質(zhì)和多肽的結(jié)構和藥理功能進行系統(tǒng)的研究,，發(fā)現(xiàn)了多種的抗血栓,、抗血液凝固的多肽和蛋白質(zhì)，免疫調(diào)節(jié)多肽以及抗菌多肽,。從寄主與宿主相互作用的角度解釋了牛虻成功從其宿主獲得血液的分子機制。
更為重要的是,，他們的研究揭示了虻蟲(牛虻的中藥材名稱為虻蟲)作為重要傳統(tǒng)抗血栓中藥的分子機制,，并發(fā)現(xiàn)了多種作用于血液系統(tǒng)和免疫系統(tǒng)、具有潛在藥用價值的先導結(jié)構分子,。該研究結(jié)果為虻蟲的中藥現(xiàn)代化研究打下了堅實的基礎和提供了新思路,。
12月17日,，國際著名刊物《分子細胞蛋白質(zhì)組學》(Molecular cellular proteomics)接受并同時在網(wǎng)上發(fā)表了其研究論文：《牛虻唾液腺的蛋白質(zhì)組學結(jié)合藥理分析解讀牛虻成功吸血的分子機制》(Toward an understanding of the molecular mechanism for successfully blood-feeding by proteomics analysis coupling with pharmacological testing of horse fly salivary glands)。兩名審稿人給予了高度評價,，他們認為“該研究工作是一項杰作”(This is an outstanding “tour de force” work),。（昆明動物研究所）
原始出處:
Molecular cellular proteomics
Submitted on October 12, 2007
Revised on December 17, 2007
Accepted on December 17, 2007
Toward an understanding of the molecular mechanism for successfully blood-feeding by proteomics analysis coupling with pharmacological testing of horse fly salivary glands
Xueqing Xu, Hailong Yang, Dongying Ma, Jing Wu, Yipeng Wang, Yuzhu Song, Xu Wang, Yi Lu, Junxing Yang, and Ren Lai
Biotoxin Department, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223
Corresponding Author: [email protected]
Horseflies are economically important blood-feeding arthropods and also nuisance for humans, and vectors for filariasis. They rely heavily on pharmacological propriety of their saliva to get blood meal and suppress immune reactions of hosts. Little information is available on antihaemostatic substances in horsefly salivary glands; especially no horsefly immune suppressants have been reported. By proteomics or peptidomics and transcriptome analysis coupling with pharmacological testing, several families of proteins or peptides, which act mainly on haemostatic system or immune system of the host, have been identified and characterized from 30, 000 pairs salivary glands of the horsefly of Tabanus Yao (Diptera, Tabanidae). They are: () a novel family of inhibitors of platelet aggregation including two members, which possibly inhibit platelet aggregation by a novel mechanism and act on platelet membrane, () a novel family of immunosuppressant peptides including twelve members, which can inhibit interferon- production and increase interleukin-10 secretion, () a serine protease inhibitor with 56 amino acid residues containing anticoagulant activity, () a serine protease with anticoagulant activity, () a protease with fibrinogenolytic activity, () three families of antimicrobial peptides including six members, () a hyaluronidase, () a vasodilator peptide, which is a isoform of vasotab identified from Hybomitra bimaculata, () interestingly, two metallothioneins, which are the first report of metallothioneins from invertebrate salivary glands. The current works will facilitate to understand the molecular mechanisms of the ectoparasite-host relationship, and help in identifying novel vaccine targets and novel leading pharmacological compounds.
