你知道嗎,，基因也分派系,，有偏幫男性的基因，也有偏幫女性的基因,，也就是說(shuō),，對(duì)男性有利的基因?qū)ε詣t不利，反之亦然,。據(jù)科學(xué)家介紹,，這種遺傳沖突（genetic conflict）有利于種族的遺傳變異，這一研究成果公布在最近的PLoS Biology上,。
來(lái)自瑞典的科學(xué)家以果蠅為研究模型,，對(duì)基因在不同性別有機(jī)體中的表達(dá)形式和優(yōu)勢(shì)表達(dá)模式進(jìn)行了充分的研究。
無(wú)論是哪種動(dòng)物,，只要不是雌雄同體,，雌性和雄性看上去都是有很大的差別的，極易區(qū)分,。在遺傳學(xué)上,，這種現(xiàn)象被認(rèn)為是,，有助于進(jìn)化，有助于獲得有利的遺傳突變,。從行為模式上就能看出它們的差異,。
拿果蠅來(lái)說(shuō)，雌性果蠅往往擅長(zhǎng)于尋找有利于產(chǎn)卵的地點(diǎn),，而雄性則更擅長(zhǎng)于交配和授精行為,。這些不同造成了不同性別間的“利益沖突”，這些特征的產(chǎn)生由一系列的基因群來(lái)控制,。
應(yīng)用行為學(xué)研究和基因組研究技術(shù),，科學(xué)家們找到了一些影響性別沖突的基因。Paolo Innocenti和Ted Morrow表示,，我們發(fā)現(xiàn),，對(duì)雄性有利的基因往往對(duì)雌性有害，反之亦然,。
這些研究結(jié)果表明,，基因組上存在有影響性別沖突的基因，這些基因多集中在決定性別的X染色體上,，這些結(jié)果預(yù)示,，不存在一種基因型是同時(shí)有利于2種性別的。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推薦原文出處：
PLoS Biology doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1000335
The Sexually Antagonistic Genes of Drosophila melanogaster
Paolo Innocenti*, Edward H. Morrow
Department of Animal Ecology, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
When selective pressures differ between males and females, the genes experiencing these conflicting evolutionary forces are said to be sexually antagonistic. Although the phenotypic effect of these genes has been documented in both wild and laboratory populations, their identity, number, and location remains unknown. Here, by combining data on sex-specific fitness and genome-wide transcript abundance in a quantitative genetic framework, we identified a group of candidate genes experiencing sexually antagonistic selection in the adult, which correspond to 8% of Drosophila melanogaster genes. As predicted, the X chromosome is enriched for these genes, but surprisingly they represent only a small proportion of the total number of sex-biased transcripts, indicating that the latter is a poor predictor of sexual antagonism. Furthermore, the majority of genes whose expression profiles showed a significant relationship with either male or female adult fitness are also sexually antagonistic. These results provide a first insight into the genetic basis of intralocus sexual conflict and indicate that genetic variation for fitness is dominated and maintained by sexual antagonism, potentially neutralizing any indirect genetic benefits of sexual selection.
