近日,,刊登在國(guó)際著名雜志The American Journal of Medical Genetics上的一篇研究報(bào)告中,,來(lái)自威斯康星大學(xué)的研究者報(bào)告了一系列的遺傳氨基酸的重復(fù),,而且這種重復(fù)可以通過(guò)世代來(lái)積累,并且最終引發(fā)單一基因的突變引起脆性X染色體的產(chǎn)生,。而且研究發(fā)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)在這在美國(guó)人中發(fā)生的頻率高于以前,。這項(xiàng)研究也揭示了這種現(xiàn)象作為遺傳基礎(chǔ)從一代傳遞到下一代而且不斷擴(kuò)大,對(duì)于攜帶者的神經(jīng)和生殖健康都會(huì)有一定風(fēng)險(xiǎn),。
研究者M(jìn)arsha表示,,這種前突變的情況相比我們以前所認(rèn)為的要更為流行,而且這也存在一定的臨床風(fēng)險(xiǎn),。脆性X染色體(Fragile X)是單一X染色體上重復(fù)的氨基酸片段無(wú)限制擴(kuò)張所引發(fā)的(FMR1,,被稱為脆性X綜合征1)。完全突變之后,,染色體上的基因?qū)⑹ケ磉_(dá)并且產(chǎn)生大腦發(fā)育所需要的必須蛋白質(zhì)的能力,,而且這種癥狀多出現(xiàn)在男孩子身上,可以引發(fā)男孩子出現(xiàn)智障,。
正常的FMR1基因一般會(huì)出現(xiàn)5至40個(gè)重復(fù),而攜帶前突變的攜帶者會(huì)有55到200個(gè)重復(fù),,在45到54之間的被劃分為灰色區(qū)域,。這項(xiàng)研究的目的是為了計(jì)算美國(guó)人群中前突變和灰色區(qū)域的流行度,研究者基于對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)的分析以及對(duì)6747 WLS的參與者的遺傳樣品進(jìn)行研究,,發(fā)現(xiàn)151個(gè)女性中有一人,,468個(gè)男性中有1人會(huì)攜帶有脆性X染色體的前突變,35個(gè)女性中有1人,,42個(gè)男性中有1人在灰色區(qū)域中,。
研究者Seltzer表示,這種流行度相當(dāng)高,,F(xiàn)MR1基因的擴(kuò)散也在不同人種族中改變,,攜帶有前突變的人群更易生出殘疾兒童,而且這些兒童會(huì)存在神經(jīng)上的癥狀,,比如麻木,、嗜睡等。盡管在以前的臨床研究中這些癥狀已經(jīng)被證實(shí),,但是WLS的數(shù)據(jù)可以作為一個(gè)公正的樣本來(lái)支持其它的研究結(jié)果,。
研究者Seltzer表示,這項(xiàng)研究證實(shí)了脆性X染色體的前突變和健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)之間存在密切關(guān)系,,攜帶前突變的人將會(huì)存在較大風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的神經(jīng)和生殖能力問題以及對(duì)后代的健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
編譯自:Fragile X gene's prevalence suggests broader health risk
編譯者:天使托
doi:10.1002/ajmg.b.32065
PMC:
PMID:
Prevalence of CGG expansions of the FMR1 gene in a US population-based sample†‡
Dr. Marsha Mailick Seltzer1,*, Mei Wang Baker1, Jinkuk Hong1, Matthew Maenner1, Jan Greenberg1, Daniel Mandel2
The primary goal of this study was to calculate the prevalence of the premutation of the FMR1 gene and of the “gray zone” using a population-based sample of older adults in Wisconsin (n = 6,747 samples screened). Compared with past research, prevalence was relatively high (1 in 151 females and 1 in 468 males for the premutation and 1 in 35 females and 1 in 42 males for the gray zone as defined by 45–54 CGG repeats). A secondary study goal was to describe characteristics of individuals found to have the premutation (n = 30, 7 males and 23 females). We found that premutation carriers had a significantly higher rate of divorce than controls, as well as higher rates of symptoms that might be indicative of fragile X-associated tremor ataxia syndrome (FXTAS; numbness, dizziness/faintness) and fragile X primary ovarian insufficiency (FXPOI; age at last menstrual period). Although not statistically significant, premutation carriers were twice as likely to have a child with disability. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.