6月14日,,國際學(xué)術(shù)期刊《細(xì)胞》子刊Cell Reports在線發(fā)表了由中科院上海生命科學(xué)研究院生化與細(xì)胞所,、中科院上海巴斯德研究所與美國賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院研究人員合作完成的研究論文Structural and Biological Features of FOXP3 Dimerization Relevant to Regulatory T Cell Function。該研究發(fā)現(xiàn)賴氨酸乙?;{(diào)節(jié)了FOXP3蛋白復(fù)合體組裝,,并解析出亮氨酸結(jié)構(gòu)域二聚體結(jié)構(gòu),揭示了FOXP3蛋白相關(guān)生理功能的分子基礎(chǔ),,對(duì)進(jìn)一步深入理解正常及病理環(huán)境下FOXP3復(fù)合體組裝具有重要指導(dǎo)性意義,。
FOXP3是決定調(diào)節(jié)性T細(xì)胞(Treg)分化及功能的關(guān)鍵性轉(zhuǎn)錄調(diào)控蛋白,主要表達(dá)于天然調(diào)節(jié)性T細(xì)胞(nTreg)及誘導(dǎo)性調(diào)節(jié)性T細(xì)胞 (iTreg) 中。FOXP3基因轉(zhuǎn)錄及蛋白表達(dá)是功能性FOXP3+Treg發(fā)育和分化過程中所必需的步驟,,進(jìn)一步深入理解炎癥條件下FOXP3蛋白組裝的正負(fù)調(diào)節(jié)將為免疫相關(guān)疾病治療如感染性疾病,、自身免疫性疾病、腫瘤,、器官移植等提供新的藥物靶點(diǎn)及臨床干預(yù)手段,。
過去數(shù)年中,該團(tuán)隊(duì)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)FOXP3+Treg細(xì)胞生理功能依賴于FOXP3蛋白翻譯后修飾及轉(zhuǎn)錄大分子復(fù)合體組裝(Li et al Immunol Rev 2006,; Li et al PNAS 2007,; Li et al Curr Opin Immunol. 2007; Li et al Int Immunol. 2007,; Li et al Cell Cycle 2007,; Samanta and Li et al PNAS 2008; Li et al Immunology 2008,; Zhou et al Immunol Res. 2008,; Zhou et al Int Immunopharmacol. 2009; Xiao et al Curr Opin Immunol. 2010,; Chen et al Int Immunopharmacol.2011,; Gao et al Genes Immun. 2012),,該系統(tǒng)性工作最近已被其他不同研究小組所重復(fù)證實(shí)(Bettini et al Immunity 2012,; Darce et al Immunity 2012),逐漸為本領(lǐng)域所熟知并廣泛引用,。
在此基礎(chǔ)上,,生化與細(xì)胞所宋曉敏通過生化分析發(fā)現(xiàn),F(xiàn)OXP3蛋白可通過其亮氨酸結(jié)構(gòu)域介導(dǎo)形成同源二聚體,,并以二聚體為基本單位再形成多聚體,。上海巴斯德所李斌研究組博士研究生高雅懿、李志遠(yuǎn)等發(fā)現(xiàn),,去乙?;敢种苿㏕SA與Nico聯(lián)合處理導(dǎo)致高分子量FOXP3大分子復(fù)合體解聚。生化與細(xì)胞所周兆才研究組通過蛋白晶體結(jié)構(gòu)解析發(fā)現(xiàn),,人類X-連鎖自身免疫性疾?。↖PEX)相關(guān)的K250及K252位點(diǎn)突變會(huì)直接影響FOXP3蛋白寡聚化。賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院Mark I Greene實(shí)驗(yàn)室肖琰,、王強(qiáng)等通過基于結(jié)構(gòu)的點(diǎn)突變分析發(fā)現(xiàn),,F(xiàn)OXP3多聚體形成對(duì)Treg功能至關(guān)重要,并發(fā)現(xiàn)TGF-b刺激可以導(dǎo)致FOXP3蛋白非K250及非K252位點(diǎn)乙?;?。
本研究首次揭示了FOXP3轉(zhuǎn)錄復(fù)合體組裝受蛋白翻譯后修飾如乙酰化修飾的調(diào)節(jié),對(duì)進(jìn)一步深入理解病理?xiàng)l件下FOXP3復(fù)合體組裝異常具有重要意義,。
該研究獲得了首屆國家自然科學(xué)基金委員會(huì)與美國國立衛(wèi)生研究院生物醫(yī)學(xué)合作試點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目和國家973項(xiàng)目等經(jīng)費(fèi)支持,。(生物谷Bioon.com)
doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2012.04.012
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Structural and Biological Features of FOXP3 Dimerization Relevant to Regulatory T Cell Function
Xiaomin Song, Bin Li, Yan Xiao, Chunxia Chen, Qiang Wang, Yujie Liu, Alan Berezov, Chen Xu, Yayi Gao, Zhiyuan Li, Shiaw-Lin Wu, Zheng Cai, Hongtao Zhang, Barry L. Karger, Wayne W. Hancock, Andrew D. Wells, Zhaocai Zhou, Mark I. Greene
FOXP3 is a key transcription factor for regulatory T cell function. We report the crystal structure of the FOXP3 coiled-coil domain, through which a loose or transient dimeric association is formed and modulated, accounting for the activity variations introduced by disease-causing mutations or posttranslational modifications. Structure-guided mutagenesis revealed that FOXP3 coiled-coil-mediated homodimerization is essential for Treg function in vitro and in vivo. In particular, we identified human FOXP3 K250 and K252 as key residues for the conformational change and stability of the FOXP3 dimer, which can be regulated by protein posttranslational modifications such as reversible lysine acetylation. These studies provide structural and mechanistic explanations for certain disease-causing mutations in the coiled-coil domain of FOXP3 that are commonly found in IPEX syndrome. Overall, the regulatory machinery involving homooligomerization, acetylation, and heteroassociation has been dissected, defining atomic insights into the biological and pathological characteristics of the FOXP3 complex.