中醫(yī)稱本病為“經(jīng)行腹痛”,。有虛實(shí)之分,,臨床可分氣滯血瘀、寒濕凝滯,、氣血虛弱,、濕熱下注四個(gè)證型。
(1)氣滯血瘀型,,癥見每于經(jīng)前一二天或月經(jīng)期小腹脹痛,,拒按,或伴胸脅乳房脹,,或經(jīng)量少,,或經(jīng)行不暢,經(jīng)色紫黯有塊,,血塊排出后痛減,,經(jīng)凈疼痛消失,舌紫黯或有瘀點(diǎn),,脈弦或弦滑,。治宜理氣化瘀止痛。
(2)寒濕凝滯型,,癥見經(jīng)前數(shù)日或經(jīng)期小腹冷痛,,得熱痛減,按之痛甚,,經(jīng)量少,,經(jīng)色黯黑有塊,或畏冷身疼,,舌苔白膩,,脈沉緊。治宜溫經(jīng)散寒除濕,,化瘀止痛,。
(3)氣血虛弱型,,癥見經(jīng)后一二天或經(jīng)期小腹隱隱作痛,,或小腹及陰部空墜,喜揉按,,月經(jīng)量少,,色淡質(zhì)薄,或神疲乏力,,或面色不華,,或納少便溏,,舌淡,脈細(xì)弱,。治宜益氣補(bǔ)血止痛,。
(4)濕熱下注型,癥見經(jīng)前小腹疼痛拒按,,有灼熱感,,或伴腰骶疼痛;平時(shí)小腹時(shí)痛,,經(jīng)來疼痛加劇,。低熱起伏,經(jīng)色黯紅,,質(zhì)稠有塊,,帶下黃稠,小便短黃,,舌紅,、苔黃而膩,脈弦數(shù)或濡數(shù),。治宜清熱除濕,,化瘀止痛。