中醫(yī)稱本病為“經(jīng)行腹痛”。有虛實(shí)之分,,臨床可分氣滯血瘀,、寒濕凝脂、氣血虛弱,、濕熱下注四個(gè)證型,。
(1)氣血虛弱型,,癥見(jiàn)經(jīng)后一二天或經(jīng)期小腹隱隱作痛,或小腹及陰部空墜,,喜揉按,,月經(jīng)量少,色淡質(zhì)薄,,或神疲乏力,,或面色不華,或納少便溏,,舌淡,,脈細(xì)弱。治宜益氣補(bǔ)血止痛,。
(2) 濕熱下注型,,癥見(jiàn)經(jīng)前小腹疼痛拒按,有灼熱感,,或伴腰骶疼痛,;平時(shí)小腹時(shí)痛,經(jīng)來(lái)疼痛加劇,。低熱起伏,,經(jīng)色黯紅,質(zhì)稠有塊,,帶下黃稠,,小便短黃,舌紅,、苔黃而膩,,脈弦數(shù)或濡數(shù),。治宜清熱除濕,,化瘀止痛。
(3)氣滯血瘀型,,癥見(jiàn)每于經(jīng)前一二天或月經(jīng)期小腹脹痛,,拒按,或伴胸脅乳房脹,,或經(jīng)量少,,或經(jīng)行不暢,經(jīng)色紫黯有塊,,血塊排出后痛減,,經(jīng)凈疼痛消失,舌紫黯或有瘀點(diǎn),,脈弦或弦滑,。治宜理氣化瘀止痛。
(4)寒濕凝滯型,癥見(jiàn)經(jīng)前數(shù)日或經(jīng)期小腹冷痛,,得熱痛減,,按之痛甚,經(jīng)量少,,經(jīng)色黯黑有塊,,或畏冷身疼,舌苔白膩,,脈沉緊,。治宜溫經(jīng)散寒除濕,化瘀止痛,。