美國(guó)生物技術(shù)公司Arrowhead(箭頭)乙肝RNAi藥物ARC-520近日傳來好消息,美國(guó)FDA已批準(zhǔn)繼續(xù)推進(jìn)ARC-520的一項(xiàng)多劑量IIb期臨床研究Heparc-2004,。目前,,ARC-520正處于II期臨床開發(fā),,該藥每月注射一次,具有功能性治愈乙肝的潛力,。
Arrowhead計(jì)劃在一個(gè)月內(nèi)啟動(dòng)患者招募工作并啟動(dòng)該項(xiàng)多劑量IIb期研究,。此外,該公司也正在與美國(guó)以外的多家監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)合作,,啟動(dòng)額外的IIb期研究,。消息發(fā)布后,該公司股價(jià)應(yīng)聲飆升16%。
Heparc-2004是一項(xiàng)多中心,、隨機(jī),、雙盲、安慰劑對(duì)照,、多劑量IIb期研究,,計(jì)劃招募12例正接受恩替卡韋(entecavir)或替諾福韋(tenofovir)維持治療的慢性免疫活動(dòng)期HBV感染者。研究中,,患者將以2:1的比例隨機(jī)分配,,其中8例患者接受靜脈注射ARC-520(劑量:1mg/kg體重,每月注射一次,,共注射3次),,4例患者靜脈注射安慰劑,隨后對(duì)患者隨訪至少147天,。該研究的主要目標(biāo)是評(píng)估患者經(jīng)3劑ARC-520治療后,,乙肝病毒(HBV)水平的下降幅度。次要目標(biāo)是評(píng)估ARC-520的安全性,、耐受性和藥代動(dòng)力學(xué),并調(diào)查ARC-520對(duì)恩替卡韋和替諾福韋的潛在作用,,以及其他探索性安全性和藥效學(xué)目標(biāo),。
需要指出的是,ARC-520的臨床推進(jìn)在今年初遭受了一些挫折,。2014年12月,,Arrowhead公司向FDA提交乙肝RNAi藥物ARC-520的實(shí)驗(yàn)性新藥申請(qǐng)(IND),提出了一種平行設(shè)計(jì)的多劑量IIb期研究,,計(jì)劃同時(shí)調(diào)查2mg/kg和4mg/kg劑量的療效和安全性,。然而,DFA在2015年1月通知Arrowhead公司暫停該藥的部分臨床項(xiàng)目,,要求將ARC-520的劑量由原計(jì)劃的2mg/kg和4mg/kg降低至1mg/kg,。此外,F(xiàn)DA還要求提供更多的關(guān)于ARC-520單劑量治療的數(shù)據(jù),,包括來自單劑量IIa期研究(1-4mg/kg),、正在開展的多劑量非臨床研究以及Heparc2004研究的數(shù)據(jù),以便更全面的了解ARC-520的潛在副作用,。
目前,,Arrowhead公司有3種RNAi藥物處于臨床開發(fā)階段,乙肝藥物ARC-520是走的最遠(yuǎn)的一個(gè)項(xiàng)目,。此外,,該公司RNAi管線資產(chǎn)還包括一種罕見病藥物ARC-AAT以及治療肝臟疾病的一系列臨床前資產(chǎn)。上個(gè)月,Arrowhead耗資3500萬買進(jìn)了諾華拋棄的RNAi項(xiàng)目,。而在2011年,,Arrowhead以同樣的方式買進(jìn)了被羅氏放棄的RNAi項(xiàng)目。
關(guān)于ARC-520:
ARC-520是一種基于RNA干擾(RNAi)的藥物,,開發(fā)用于治療慢性B型肝炎(乙肝),,具有功能性治愈乙肝的潛力。ARC-520介入信使核糖核酸(mRNA)水平,,這是乙肝病毒逆轉(zhuǎn)錄過程的上游,,是當(dāng)前臨床最常使用的核苷和核苷類似物標(biāo)準(zhǔn)治療藥物的作用靶標(biāo)。
ACR-520采用了Arrowhead公司獨(dú)有的Dynamic Polyconjugates輸送系統(tǒng),,其原理是通過RNA干擾作用來封閉乙肝病毒某些蛋白的表達(dá),,導(dǎo)致病毒無法增殖,然后再利用人體免疫系統(tǒng)對(duì)剩余病毒進(jìn)行清除,,實(shí)現(xiàn)免疫清潔狀態(tài)(immune clearant state),,特征為乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)血清學(xué)轉(zhuǎn)陰以及有或無血清學(xué)轉(zhuǎn)換。
目前,,Arrowhead公司已完成了了I期單劑量遞增研究,,正在開展單劑量IIa研究和多劑量IIb期研究。
乙肝現(xiàn)狀:
據(jù)估計(jì),,在全球范圍內(nèi),,有多達(dá)3.5-4億乙肝患者,該病可導(dǎo)致肝硬化,,是全球80%原發(fā)性肝癌的直接病因,。中國(guó)是乙肝大國(guó),據(jù)保守估計(jì),,全國(guó)13億人口中有1億慢性乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染者,,約占全球乙肝攜帶者的1/3,而且我國(guó)乙肝發(fā)病率還在持續(xù)上升,。
英文原文:FDA clears the way for Arrowhead's hep B treatment, with a caveat
Arrowhead ($ARWR) is finally moving forward with a Phase IIb study on its hepatitis B treatment thanks to the FDA, but the company will need to further convince regulators before it can mount a larger effort.
The FDA has cleared Arrowhead to begin a multiple-dose Phase IIb trial of ARC-520, an RNA treatment designed to help the immune system fight hep B infection. The company now plans to get rolling on Heparc-2004, a placebo-controlled trial that will enroll up to 12 patients and test how well the once-monthly ARC-520 can reduce bodily levels of hep B virus. Patients will get three doses of either 1 milligram per kilogram of ARC-520 or placebo, once every four weeks, and Arrowhead will track results over 147 days.
But the FDA is not backing off from a clinical hold instituted in January that limits just how much of ARC-520 Arrowhead can administer. The biotech had initially planned to run a Phase IIb study in which two patient groups would get 2 and 4 milligrams per kilogram in parallel, but the agency wants to see more preclinical results and data from Heparc-2004 before allowing that to proceed, Arrowhead said.
In the meantime, the company is working to get its Heparc-2004 up and running as soon as possible, expecting to begin enrollment in about a month. And Arrowhead's investors cheered the incremental victory, sending the biotech's shares up about 16% on Monday morning.
ARC-520 is the top prospect in Arrowhead's stable of RNA interference treatments, which includes the rare disease treatment ARC-AAT and a slew of preclinical assets for liver ailments. The biotech made headlines last month when struck a $35 million deal to pick up Novartis' ($NVS) discarded RNAi assets, replicating a similar agreement with Roche ($RHHBY) from 2011.