科學家報告說，中國政府的一個為應用可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)實踐的農(nóng)民提供財政激勵的項目可能在增加環(huán)境保護的同時有助于減少貧困,。該研究顯示,，正確設計的激勵措施可能有助于人們脫離環(huán)境退化和貧困的循環(huán)——這被稱為“貧困陷阱”,。
北京林業(yè)大學Shixiong Cao及其同事利用中國政府的資助為森林被廣泛砍伐的長汀縣的農(nóng)民提供將近140萬美元的年度激勵，從而促進中國福建省的可持續(xù)發(fā)展,。農(nóng)民因為保存樹木,、使用煤炭而不是木柴作為燃料、開發(fā)沼氣生產(chǎn),、使用有機肥,、種植果樹以及養(yǎng)豬養(yǎng)魚而獲得了補貼。這組科學家報告說,，在經(jīng)過了8年后,，這些地方的環(huán)境和社會經(jīng)濟狀況——以生物多樣性、植被覆蓋,、就業(yè)和收入衡量——比沒有提供激勵的可比鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)有了更大的改善,。這組作者說，當這些補貼結束的時候,，農(nóng)民應該有能力繼續(xù)利用他們建立的基礎設施和工業(yè),，而不會重新使用破壞性的方法。這組科學家說,，該項目證明了設計用于保護受影響人口的生計的自然保護政策可以同時實現(xiàn)消除貧困和保存生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的目標,。（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推薦原始出處：
PNAS June 15, 2009, doi: 10.1073/pnas.0900197106
Development and testing of a sustainable environmental restoration policy on eradicating the poverty trap in China's Changting County
Shixiong Caoa,1, Binglin Zhongb, Hui Yueb, Heshui Zengb and Jinhua Zengb
aCollege of Water and Soil Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China; and
bWater and Soil Conservation Bureau of Changting County, Fujian, 366300, China
It is widely accepted that environmental degradation and poverty are linked and that conservation and poverty reduction should be tackled together. However, success with integrated strategies has been elusive. Here, we present the results of a study that illustrates how development that combines environmental and economic perspectives and that provides appropriate compensation to affected populations can improve both nature and society, thereby eradicating the “poverty trap.” The results show that if we cannot improve the livelihood of local residents, we will be unable to restore degraded environments when state-owned property is transferred to private ownership to encourage better management by residents. In contrast, measures to eliminate poverty, combined with the development of green enterprises that improve the livelihoods of private land owners in the long term, is the precondition for successful ecological restoration.
