由美國哈佛大學研究人員組成的一個小組發(fā)現(xiàn),，在許多病例中,，前列腺癌與遺傳因素有很大關系,。
研究人員在新一期《自然遺傳學》雜志上報告說，他們已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了美國人中常見的一系列脫氧核糖核酸（ＤＮＡ）變化,，這些變化導致人們患前列腺癌的概率提高５倍多,。
據(jù)報道,，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)可能有助于提高醫(yī)療檢查的水平,，提早確定患前列腺癌的高風險人群，以便在早期階段對他們進行治療,。將來，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)還可能會使醫(yī)學界找到治療前列腺癌更好的方法,。
這一發(fā)現(xiàn)還留下了一個引人注目的“謎團”,。所有危險的ＤＮＡ變化都存在于不包含基因而且沒有已知的生物學作用的ＤＮＡ片段中,。研究人員說，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)可能幫助人們發(fā)現(xiàn)導致癌癥的根本原因,。
負責這項研究的哈佛大學醫(yī)學院的戴維·賴克說,，根據(jù)這項研究進行的基因測試會有助于找出哪些病人患前列腺癌的風險更大，不過目前的研究還只是初步的,。
部分英文原文：
Published online: 1 April 2007; | doi:10.1038/ng2015
Multiple regions within 8q24 independently affect risk for prostate cancer
Christopher A Haiman1, Nick Patterson2, Matthew L Freedman2, 3, Simon R Myers2, Malcolm C Pike1, Alicja Waliszewska2, 4, 5, Julie Neubauer2, 4, Arti Tandon2, 4, Christine Schirmer2, 4, Gavin J McDonald2, 4, Steven C Greenway4, Daniel O Stram1, Loic Le Marchand6, Laurence N Kolonel6, Melissa Frasco1, David Wong1, Loreall C Pooler1, Kristin Ardlie2, 7, Ingrid Oakley-Girvan8, 9, Alice S Whittemore9, Kathleen A Cooney10, 11, Esther M John8, 9, Sue A Ingles1, David Altshuler2, 4, 12, 13, Brian E Henderson1 & David Reich2, 4
1 Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA.
2 Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA.
3 Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Medical Oncology, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
4 Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
5 Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Center for Neurologic Disease, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
6 Epidemiology Program, Cancer Research Center of Hawaii, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96813, USA.
7 Genomics Collaborative, Division of SeraCare Life Sciences Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
8 Northern California Cancer Center, Fremont, California 94538, USA.
9 Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
10 Departments of Medicine and Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
11 University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
12 Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
13 Center for Human Genetic Research and Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.
Correspondence should be addressed to David Reich [email protected]
After the recent discovery that common genetic variation in 8q24 influences inherited risk of prostate cancer, we genotyped 2,973 SNPs in up to 7,518 men with and without prostate cancer from five populations. We identified seven risk variants, five of them previously undescribed, spanning 430 kb and each independently predicting risk for prostate cancer (P = 7.9 10-19 for the strongest association, and P < 1.5 10-4 for five of the variants, after controlling for each of the others). The variants define common genotypes that span a more than fivefold range of susceptibility to cancer in some populations. None of the prostate cancer risk variants aligns to a known gene or alters the coding sequence of an encoded protein.
