英國(guó)研究人員開(kāi)發(fā)出一款計(jì)算機(jī)軟件,，通過(guò)掃描大腦解讀思想，成功率近五成,。這意味著科學(xué)家在解讀人類(lèi)思想領(lǐng)域又進(jìn)一步,。這項(xiàng)結(jié)果11日刊載于《當(dāng)代生物學(xué)》。
讀取思想
倫敦大學(xué)學(xué)院研究人員讓10名志愿者連續(xù)15次觀看3部電影短片,，每部時(shí)長(zhǎng)7秒,，主題都是日常生活場(chǎng)景。研究人員隨后要求志愿者回憶短片內(nèi)容,，同時(shí)利用功能性核磁共振成像儀（fMRI）掃描他們腦部,。
通過(guò)計(jì)算機(jī)軟件分析數(shù)據(jù)，研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，志愿者回憶每部短片時(shí),，大腦活躍部位不同,。這樣，研究人員根據(jù)大腦活動(dòng)模式測(cè)出志愿者回想哪部短片,，準(zhǔn)確率約為45%,。
趣味科學(xué)網(wǎng)站11日援引研究負(fù)責(zé)人馬丁·查德威克的話報(bào)道：“這個(gè)算法能夠測(cè)出志愿者在回想哪部電影，（準(zhǔn)確率）遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出我們預(yù)期,。這顯示我們的記憶存儲(chǔ)有規(guī)律可循,。”
情景記憶
另一名研究人員、認(rèn)知神經(jīng)科學(xué)家埃莉諾·馬圭爾說(shuō),，先前研究主要關(guān)注解讀基礎(chǔ)記憶,。研究人員通過(guò)掃描研究對(duì)象腦部，獲知對(duì)方剛看見(jiàn)的一個(gè)數(shù)字,，算出他想要敲出的字母或者曾經(jīng)去過(guò)的地方,。
“更有趣的是解讀情景記憶，一種關(guān)于日常生活的復(fù)雜記憶,，包括我們?cè)谀睦?、在做什么、感覺(jué)如何等更多信息,，”馬圭爾說(shuō),。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推薦原文出處：
Current Biology, doi：10.1016/j.cub.2010.01.053
Decoding Individual Episodic Memory Traces in the Human Hippocampus
Martin J. Chadwick, Demis Hassabis, Nikolaus Weiskopf, Eleanor A. Maguire
In recent years, multivariate pattern analyses have been performed on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data, permitting prediction of mental states from local patterns of blood oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signal across voxels [1, 2,1, 2]. We previously demonstrated that it is possible to predict the position of individuals in a virtual-reality environment from the pattern of activity across voxels in the hippocampus [3]. Although this shows that spatial memories can be decoded, substantially more challenging, and arguably only possible to investigate in humans [4], is whether it is feasible to predict which complex everyday experience, or episodic memory, a person is recalling. Here we document for the first time that traces of individual rich episodic memories are detectable and distinguishable solely from the pattern of fMRI BOLD signals across voxels in the human hippocampus. In so doing, we uncovered a possible functional topography in the hippocampus, with preferential episodic processing by some hippocampal regions over others. Moreover, our results imply that the neuronal traces of episodic memories are stable (and thus predictable) even over many re-activations. Finally, our data provide further evidence for functional differentiation within the medial temporal lobe, in that we show the hippocampus contains significantly more episodic information than adjacent structures.
