本期Scientific Reports上發(fā)表的一篇研究論文顯示,,接觸柴油尾氣污染中所含常見(jiàn)空氣污染物,,會(huì)影響蜜蜂識(shí)別其已知道的花卉氣味的能力,。蜜蜂利用花卉氣味來(lái)幫助定位、識(shí)別和辨識(shí)它們所吃的花卉,。本文作者猜測(cè),,這些變化,可能會(huì)影響蜜蜂的覓食效率,,最終還可能會(huì)影響它們所提供的授粉服務(wù),。
蜜蜂(Apis mellifera)有靈敏的嗅覺(jué)以及學(xué)習(xí)和記憶新氣味的極強(qiáng)能力。氮氧化物氣體(一氧化氮和二氧化氮)代表著柴油和其他化石燃料燃燒所產(chǎn)生的最活躍的一些氣體,,但二氧化氮的排放上限一般都會(huì)被超過(guò),,尤其是在城市地區(qū)。
Tracey Newman及同事研究了柴油尾氣污染是否會(huì)改變一種合成花粉氣味混合物的成分,。他們分析了高度活躍的氣體在環(huán)境相關(guān)濃度下在這種變化中所起的潛在作用以及所造成的變化可能會(huì)對(duì)蜜蜂識(shí)別花粉混合物的能力產(chǎn)生的潛在影響,。
研究結(jié)果表明,氮氧化物氣體,,尤其是二氧化氮,,也許能夠擾亂蜜蜂依靠其定位花粉食物源的氣味識(shí)別過(guò)程。蜜蜂利用一種花粉混合物中的全部化學(xué)物質(zhì)來(lái)辨別不同混合物,,而這些結(jié)果表明,,一種混合物中的一些化學(xué)物質(zhì)也許比其他的更為重要。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推薦的英文摘要
Scientific Reports doi:10.1038/srep02779
Diesel exhaust rapidly degrades floral odours used by honeybees
Robbie D. Girling,,Inka Lusebrink,,Emily Farthing,Tracey A. Newman& Guy M. Poppy
Honeybees utilise floral odours when foraging for flowers,; we investigated whether diesel exhaust pollution could interrupt these floral odour stimuli. A synthetic blend of eight floral chemicals,, identified from oilseed rape, was exposed to diesel exhaust pollution. Within one minute of exposure the abundances of four of the chemicals were significantly lowered,, with two components rendered undetectable. Honeybees were trained to recognise the full synthetic odour mix,; altering the blend, by removing the two chemicals rendered undetectable, significantly reduced the ability of the trained honeybees to recognize the altered odour. Furthermore,, we found that at environmentally relevant levels the mono-nitrogen oxide (NOx) fraction of the exhaust gases was a key facilitator of this odour degradation. Such changes in recognition may impact upon a honeybee's foraging efficiency and therefore the pollination services that they provide.